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Surah 18. Al-Kahf

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18:101
ٱلَّذِينَ كَانَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ فِى غِطَآءٍ عَن ذِكْرِى وَكَانُوا۟ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَمْعًا Alla th eena k a nat aAAyunuhum fee ghi ta in AAan th ikree wak a noo l a yasta t eeAAoona samAA a n
those whose eyes had been veiled against any remembrance of Me because they could not bear to listen [to the voice of truth]!
  - Mohammad Asad
who had turned a blind eye to My admonition and a deaf ear to My warning.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
those who turned a blind eye to My Reminder1 and could not stand listening 'to it'.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 i.e., the Quran.

Those whose eyes were hoodwinked from My reminder, and who could not bear to hear.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
(Unbelievers) whose eyes had been under a veil from Remembrance of Me and who had been unable even to hear. 2447
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Those very men who refused to see the many Signs of Allah which in this world convey His Message and to hear the Word of the Lord when it came to them, will then see without any mistake the consequences fully brought up before them.

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18:102
أَفَحَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَن يَتَّخِذُوا۟ عِبَادِى مِن دُونِىٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ ۚ إِنَّآ أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَـٰفِرِينَ نُزُلًا Afa h asiba alla th eena kafaroo an yattakhi th oo AAib a dee min doonee awliy a a inn a aAAtadn a jahannama lilk a fireena nuzul a n
Do they who are bent on denying the truth think, perchance, that they could take [any of] My creatures for protectors against Me?102 Verily, We have readied hell to welcome all who [thus] deny the truth!103
  - Mohammad Asad

This is an allusion not only to the worship of created beings or forces of nature, but also to the popular belief that saints, whether alive or dead, could eflfectively "intercede" with God in behalf of anyone whom He has rejected.

I.e., of God's oneness and uniqueness, and hence of the fact that no created being can have any "influence" on God's judgment.

Do the unbelievers think that they can take my servants as protectors, to save themselves from Hell, instead of Me? Certainly We have prepared Hell for the entertainment of such unbelievers.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Do the disbelievers think they can 'simply' take My servants1 as lords instead of Me? We have surely prepared Hell as an accommodation for the disbelievers.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 i.e., Jesus, Ezra, and the angels.

Do the disbelievers reckon that they can choose My bondmen as protecting friends beside Me? Lo! We have prepared hell as a welcome for the disbelievers.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Do the Unbelievers think that they can take my servants as protectors besides Me? Verily We have prepared Hell for the Unbelievers for (their) entertainment.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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18:103
قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُم بِٱلْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَـٰلًا Qul Hal Nunabbi'ukum Bil-'Akhsarīna 'A`mālāan
Say: "Shall we tell you who are the greatest losers in whatever they may do?
  - Mohammad Asad
O Muhammad tell them: "Should we tell you the worst kind of losers relating to their deeds?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Say, 'O Prophet,' 'Shall we inform you of who will lose the most deeds?
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: Shall We inform you who will be the greatest losers by their works?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "Shall we tell you of those who lose most in respect of their deeds? 2448
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

That is, those who prided themselves on their works in this life, and now find that those works are of no avail. Their loss is all the greater because they had a misplaced confidence in their own deeds or in the assistance of false "protectors". Allah is the only Protector: no one else's protection is of any use.

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18:104
ٱلَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا Alla th eena d alla saAAyuhum fee al h ay a ti a l dduny a wahum ya h saboona annahum yu h sinoona s unAA a n
"[It is] they whose labour has gone astray in [the pursuit of no more than] this world's life, and who nonetheless think that they are doing good works:
  - Mohammad Asad
Those whose all efforts in this worldly life had gone astray from the Right Way, but all along they were under the delusion that they were doing good deeds;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'They are' those whose efforts are in vain in this worldly life, while they think they are doing good!'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Those whose effort goeth astray in the life of the world, and yet they reckon that they do good work.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Those whose efforts have been wasted in this life while they thought that they were acquiring good by their works?" 2449
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Many people have such a smug sense of self-righteousness that while they go on doing wrong, they think that they are acquiring merit. So, in charity, all the elements that make for outward show or selfishness (as to get some worldly advantage) nullify the deed of charity. In the same way hypocrites sometimes affect to be surprised that their declared effort for somebody's good is not appreciated, when they are really seeking some hidden gain or false glory for themselves. The sincere are only those who believe in their spiritual responsibility and act as in Allah's sight.

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18:105
أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَلِقَآئِهِۦ فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمَـٰلُهُمْ فَلَا نُقِيمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ وَزْنًا Ol a ika alla th eena kafaroo bi a y a ti rabbihim waliq a ihi fa h abi t at aAAm a luhum fal a nuqeemu lahum yawma alqiy a mati wazn a n
it is they who have chosen to deny their Sustainer's messages and the truth that they are destined to meet Him." Hence, all their [good] deeds come to nought, and no weight shall We assign to them on Resurrection Day.104
  - Mohammad Asad

Although each of their good actions will be taken into account on Judgment Day in accordance with the Qur'anic statement that "he who shall have done an atom's weight of good, shall behold it" ({99: 7}), the above verse implies that whatever good such sinners may do is far outweighed by their godlessness (Al-Qadi 'Iyad, as quoted by Razi).

they are the ones who are disregarding the revelations of their Rabb and the fact that they will meet Him for accountability of their deeds in the Hereafter, so their deeds will become null and will not carry any weight on the Day of Judgment.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
It is they who reject the signs of their Lord and their meeting with Him, rendering their deeds void, so We will not give their deeds any weight on Judgment Day.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Those are they who disbelieve in the revelations of their Lord and in the meeting with Him. Therefore their works are vain, and on the Day of Resurrection We assign no weight to them.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They are those who deny the Signs of their Lord and the fact of their having to meet Him (in the Hereafter): vain will be their works nor shall We on the Day of Judgment give them any Weight. 2450
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

What weight can be attached to works behind which the motives are not pure, or are positively evil? They are either wasted or count against those who seek to pass them off as meritorious!

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18:106
ذَٰلِكَ جَزَآؤُهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ بِمَا كَفَرُوا۟ وَٱتَّخَذُوٓا۟ ءَايَـٰتِى وَرُسُلِى هُزُوًا Tha lika jaz a ohum jahannamu bim a kafaroo wa i ttakha th oo a y a tee warusulee huzuw a n
That will be their recompense - [their] hell - for having denied the truth and made My messages and My apostles a target of their mockery.
  - Mohammad Asad
Thus the reward of such people will be Hell; because they had no faith and because they took My revelations and My Rasools as a joke.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
That is their reward: Hell, for their disbelief and mockery of My signs and messengers.
  - Mustafa Khattab
That is their reward: hell, because they disbelieved, and made a jest of Our revelations and Our messengers.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
That is their reward Hell; because they rejected Faith and took My Signs and My Messengers by way of jest. 2451
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

False motives, pretence, deception, and hypocrisy, flourish because people do not take the higher life seriously. In effect they treat it as a jest. Signs and Messengers are sent as a special and personal Mercy from Allah, and for such things the first person singular is used as in this verse, even when it involves a sudden transition from the first person plural as in the last verse.

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18:107
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ جَنَّـٰتُ ٱلْفِرْدَوْسِ نُزُلًا Inna alla th eena a manoo waAAamiloo a l ssa li ha ti k a nat lahum jann a tu alfirdawsi nuzul a n
[But,] verily, as for those who attain to faith and do righteous deeds - the gardens of paradise will be there to welcome them;
  - Mohammad Asad
However, those who believe and do good deeds, they will be entertained with the Gardens of Paradise
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Indeed, those who believe and do good will have the Gardens of Paradise1 as an accommodation,
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Al-Firdaws, the highest place in Paradise.

Lo! those who believe and do good works, theirs are the Gardens of Paradise, for welcome,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
As to those who believe and work righteous deeds they have for their entertainment the Gardens of Paradise 2452
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Firdaus in Persian means an enclosed place, a park. In technical theological language the word is used for the inner circle of Heaven, or the highest Heaven, the destination of those who perfectly fulfil both requirements, viz.; a sound faith, and perfectly righteous conduct. Small faults in either respect are forgiven; the Mercy of Allah steps in.

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18:108
خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا لَا يَبْغُونَ عَنْهَا حِوَلًا Kh a lideena feeh a l a yabghoona AAanh a h iwal a n
therein will they abide, [and] never will they desire any change therefrom.
  - Mohammad Asad
to live therein for ever and they will never desire to go anywhere else.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
where they will be forever, never desiring anywhere else.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Wherein they will abide, with no desire to be removed from thence.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Wherein they shall dwell (for aye): no change will they wish for from them.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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18:109
قُل لَّوْ كَانَ ٱلْبَحْرُ مِدَادًا لِّكَلِمَـٰتِ رَبِّى لَنَفِدَ ٱلْبَحْرُ قَبْلَ أَن تَنفَدَ كَلِمَـٰتُ رَبِّى وَلَوْ جِئْنَا بِمِثْلِهِۦ مَدَدًا Qul law k a na alba h ru mid a dan likalim a ti rabbee lanafida alba h ru qabla an tanfada kalim a tu rabbee walaw jin a bimithlihi madad a n
SAY: "If all the sea were ink for my Sustainer's words, the sea would indeed be exhausted ere my Sustainer's words are exhausted! And [thus it would be] if we were to add to it sea upon sea." 105
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "if We were to produce the like of it [i.e., of the sea] in addition". It is to be noted that, as pointed out by Zamakhshari, the term al-bahr ("the sea") is used here in a generic sense, comprising all the seas that exist: hence, the expression "the like of it" has been rendered by me as "sea upon sea". (See also 31:27 ).

O Muhammad tell them: "If the ocean were ink with which to write the words of my Rabb, the ocean would surely be consumed before the words of my Rabb are finished, even if We brought similar quantity of ink to replenish it.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Say, 'O Prophet,' 'If the ocean were ink for 'writing' the Words of my Lord, it would certainly run out before the Words of my Lord were finished, even if We refilled it with its equal.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: Though the sea became ink for the Words of my Lord, verily the sea would be used up before the Words of my Lord were exhausted, even though We brought the like thereof to help.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "If the ocean were ink (wherewith to write out) the words of my Lord sooner would the ocean be exhausted than would the words of my Lord even if we added another ocean like it for its aid." 2453
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Words and Signs and Mercies of Allah are in all Creation, and can never be fully set out in human language, however extended our means may be imagined to be.

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18:110
قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَىَّ أَنَّمَآ إِلَـٰهُكُمْ إِلَـٰهٌ وَٰحِدٌ ۖ فَمَن كَانَ يَرْجُوا۟ لِقَآءَ رَبِّهِۦ فَلْيَعْمَلْ عَمَلًا صَـٰلِحًا وَلَا يُشْرِكْ بِعِبَادَةِ رَبِّهِۦٓ أَحَدًۢا Qul innam a an a basharun mithlukum yoo ha ilayya annam a il a hukum il a hun w ah idun faman k a na yarjoo liq a a rabbihi falyaAAmal AAamalan sa li h an wal a yushrik biAAib a dati rabbihi a h ad a n
Say [O Prophet]: "I am but a mortal man like all of you. It has been revealed unto me that your God is the One and Only God. Hence, whoever looks forward [with hope and awe] to meeting his Sustainer [on Judgment Day], let him do righteous deeds, and let him not ascribe unto anyone or anything a share in the worship due to his Sustainer!"
  - Mohammad Asad
O Muhammad, tell them: "I am but a human being like you; the revelation is sent to me to declare that your God is One God; therefore, whoever hopes to meet his Rabb, let him do good deeds and join no other deity in the worship of his Rabb."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Say, 'O Prophet,' 'I am only a man like you, 'but' it has been revealed to me that your God is only One God. So whoever hopes for the meeting with their Lord, let them do good deeds and associate none in the worship of their Lord.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: I am only a mortal like you. My Lord inspireth in me that your God is only One God. And whoever hopeth for the meeting with his Lord, let him do righteous work, and make none sharer of the worship due unto his Lord.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "I am but a man like yourselves (but) the inspiration has come to me that your Allah is one Allah: whoever expects to meet his Lord let him work righteousness and in the worship of his Lord admit no one as partner." 2454
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Righteousness and true respect for Allah-which excludes the worship of anything else, whether idols, or deified men, or forces of nature, or faculties of man, or Self-these are the criteria of true worship.

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