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Surah 30. Ar-Rum

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30:41
ظَهَرَ ٱلْفَسَادُ فِى ٱلْبَرِّ وَٱلْبَحْرِ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِى ٱلنَّاسِ لِيُذِيقَهُم بَعْضَ ٱلَّذِى عَمِلُوا۟ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ Th ahara alfas a du fee albarri wa a lba h ri bim a kasabat aydee a l nn a si liyu th eeqahum baAA d a alla th ee AAamiloo laAAallahum yarjiAAoon a
[Since they have become oblivious of God,] corruption has appeared on land and in the sea as an outcome of what men's hands have wrought: and so He will let them taste38 [the evil of] some of their doings, so that they might return [to the right path].39
  - Mohammad Asad

The prefix li in li-yudhiqahum does not indicate here a purport or intent ("so that" or "in order that"), but is a lam al-'aqibah, i.e., a prefix expressing a factual consequence (best rendered as "thereupon" or "and so").

Thus, the growing corruption and destruction of our natural environment, so awesomely - if as yet only partially - demonstrated in our time, is here predicted as "an outcome of what men's hands have wrought", i.e., of that self-destructive - because utterly materialistic - inventiveness and frenzied activity which now threatens mankind with previously unimaginable ecological disasters: an unbridled pollution of land, air and water through industrial and urban waste, a progressive poisoning of plant and marine life, all manner of genetic malformations in men's own bodies through an ever-widening use of drugs and seemingly "beneficial" chemicals, and the gradual extinction of many animal species essential to human well-being. To all this may be added the rapid deterioration and decomposition of man's social life, the all-round increase in sexual perversion, crime and violence, with, perhaps, nuclear annhihilation as the ultimate stage: all of which is, in the last resort, an outcome of man's oblivion of God and, hence, of all absolute values, and their supersession by the belief that material "progress" is the only thing that matters.

Mischief (war between Roman and Persian empires) has appeared in the land and the sea in consequence of man's own misdeeds. Through such wars Allah let people taste the fruit of their deeds, so that they may turn back from evil.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Corruption has spread on land and sea as a result of what people's hands have done, so that Allah may cause them to taste 'the consequences of' some of their deeds and perhaps they might return 'to the Right Path'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Corruption doth appear on land and sea because of (the evil) which men's hands have done, that He may make them taste a part of that which they have done, in order that they may return.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Mischief has appeared on land and sea because of (the meed) that the hands of men have earned that (Allah) may give them a taste of some of their deeds: in order that they may turn back (from Evil). 3556 3557
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah's Creation was pure and good in itself. All the mischief or corruption was introduced by Evil, viz., arrogance, selfishness, etc. See n. 3541 to xxx. 30 above. As soon as the mischief has come in, Allah's mercy and goodness step in to stop it. The consequences of Evil must be evil, and this should be shown in such partial punishment as 'the hands of men have earned," so that it may be a warning for the future and an invitation to enter the door of repentance.

The ultimate object of Allah's justice and punishment is to reclaim man from Evil, and to restore him to the pristine purity and innocence in which he was created. The Evil introduced by his possession of a limited free-will should be eliminated by the education and purification of man's own will. For, with his will and motives purified, he is capable of much greater heights than a creature not endowed with any free-will.

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30:42
قُلْ سِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَٱنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَـٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلُ ۚ كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُم مُّشْرِكِينَ Qul seeroo fee alar d i fa o n th uroo kayfa k a na AA a qibatu alla th eena min qablu k a na aktharuhum mushrikeen a
Say: "Go all over the earth, and behold what! happened in the end to those [sinners] who lived before [you]: most of them were wont to ascribe divine qualities to things or beings other than God "40
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., they worshipped material comfort and power, and thus lost sight of all spiritual values and, in the end, destroyed themselves.

O Prophet, tell them: "Travel through the earth and see what was the end of those who have passed away before you: most of them were mushrikin (worshipped other gods besides Allah)".
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Say, 'O Prophet,' 'Travel throughout the land and see what was the end of those 'destroyed' before 'you'- most of them were polytheists.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say (O Muhammad, to the disbelievers): Travel in the land, and see the nature of the consequence for those who were before you! Most of them were idolaters.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "Travel through the earth and see what was the End of those before (you): most of them worshipped others besides Allah." 3558
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

If you contemplate history and past experience (including spiritual experience), you will find that evil and corruption tended to destroy themselves, because they had false idols for worship, false standards of conduct, and false goals of desire.

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30:43
فَأَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ ٱلْقَيِّمِ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِىَ يَوْمٌ لَّا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ۖ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَصَّدَّعُونَ Faaqim wajhaka li l ddeeni alqayyimi min qabli an yatiya yawmun l a maradda lahu mina All a hi yawmai th in ya ss addaAAoon a
Set, then, thy face steadfastly towards the one ever-true faith,41 ere there come from God a Day [of reckoning- the Day] which cannot be averted. On that Day all will be sundered:
  - Mohammad Asad

See verse {30} above, as well as the corresponding notes; also 3:19 - "the only [true] religion in the sight of God is [man's] self-surrender unto Him".

Therefore stand firm in your devotion to the true faith before that Day arrives on which there will be no chance of averting from Allah. On that Day, they shall be divided in two groups.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
So be steadfast in the Upright Faith 'O Prophet', before the coming of a Day from Allah that cannot be averted. On that Day the people will be divided:
  - Mustafa Khattab
So set thy purpose resolutely for the right religion, before the inevitable day cometh from Allah. On that day mankind will be sundered--
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But set thou thy face to the right Religion before there come from Allah the Day which there is no chance of averting: on that Day shall men be divided (in two). 3559 3560
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

We should recover the balance that has been upset by Evil and Falsehood before it is too late. For a Day will surely come when true values will be restored and all falsehood and evil will be destroyed. Nothing but repentance and amendment can avert the consequences of Evil. When the Day actually comes, repentance will be too late: for the impassable barrier between Evil and Good will have been fixed, and the chance of return to Allah's pattern will have been lost.

The sharp division will then have been accomplished between the unfortunate ones who rejected Truth and Faith and will suffer for their rejection, and the righteous who will attain Peace and Salvation: see next verse. Note that the state of the Blessed will not be merely a passive state. They will actively earn and contribute to their own happiness.

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30:44
مَن كَفَرَ فَعَلَيْهِ كُفْرُهُۥ ۖ وَمَنْ عَمِلَ صَـٰلِحًا فَلِأَنفُسِهِمْ يَمْهَدُونَ Man kafara faAAalayhi kufruhu waman AAamila sa li h an falianfusihim yamhadoon a
he who has denied the truth will have to bear [the burden of] his denial, whereas all who did what is right and just will have made goodly provision for themselves,
  - Mohammad Asad
Those who disbelieved will bear the burden of their disbelief, and those who have done good deeds will be made ready for their home in paradise,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
those who disbelieved will bear 'the burden of' their own disbelief; and those who did good will have prepared for themselves 'eternal homes',
  - Mustafa Khattab
Whoso disbelieveth must (then) bear the consequences of his disbelief, while those who do right make provision for themselves--
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Those who reject Faith will suffer from that rejection: and those who work righteousness will spread their couch (of repose) for themselves (in heaven):
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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30:45
لِيَجْزِىَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ مِن فَضْلِهِۦٓ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ Liyajziya alla th eena a manoo waAAamiloo a l ssa li ha ti min fa d lihi innahu l a yu h ibbu alk a fireen a
so that He might reward, out of His bounty, those who have attained to faith and done righteous deeds. Verily, He does not love those who refuse to acknowledge the truth-
  - Mohammad Asad
so that He may, out of His mercy, reward those who have believed and done good deeds. Surely He does not like the disbelievers.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
so that He may 'generously' reward those who believe and do good, out of His grace. He truly does not like the disbelievers.
  - Mustafa Khattab
That He may reward out of His bounty those who believe and do good works. Lo! He loveth not the disbelievers (in His guidance).
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
That He may reward those who believe and work righteous deeds out of His Bounty: for He loves not those who reject Faith. 3561 3562
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Though the repose and bliss will have been won by the righteous by their own efforts, it must not be supposed that their own merits were equal to the reward they will earn. What they will get will be due to the infinite Grace and Bounty of Allah.

In form this clause is (here as elsewhere) negative, but it has a positive meaning: Allah loves those who have faith and trust in Him, and will, out of His Grace and Bounty, reward them in abundant measure.

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30:46
وَمِنْ ءَايَـٰتِهِۦٓ أَن يُرْسِلَ ٱلرِّيَاحَ مُبَشِّرَٰتٍ وَلِيُذِيقَكُم مِّن رَّحْمَتِهِۦ وَلِتَجْرِىَ ٱلْفُلْكُ بِأَمْرِهِۦ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ Wamin a y a tihi an yursila a l rriy ah a mubashshir a tin waliyu th eeqakum min ra h matihi walitajriya alfulku biamrihi walitabtaghoo min fa d lihi walaAAallakum tashkuroon a
for among His wonders is this: He sends forth [His messages as He sends forth] the winds that bear glad tidings,42 so that He might give you a taste of His grace [through life-giving rains], and that ships might sail at His behest, and that you might go about in quest of some of His bounties, and that you might have cause to be grateful.
  - Mohammad Asad

The mention of God's messages, interpolated by me between brackets, is justified by the verses which precede and follow this passage. Moreover, it is only by means of such an interpolation that the symbolic purport of the above reference to "the winds that bear glad tidings" can be made fully obvious.

Of His signs is that He sends the winds as bearers of good news, and that He may let you taste His blessing, and your ships may sail by His command, and that you may seek of His bounty, and that you may be grateful.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And one of His signs is that He sends the winds, ushering in good news 'of rain' so that He may give you a taste of His mercy, and that ships may sail by His command, and that you may seek His bounty, and perhaps you will be grateful.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And of His signs is this: He sendeth herald winds to make you taste His mercy, and that the ships may sail at His command, and that ye may seek His favor, and that haply ye may be thankful.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Among His Signs is this that He sends the Winds as heralds of Glad Tidings giving you a taste of His (Grace and) Mercy that the ships may sail (majestically) by His Command and that ye may seek of His Bounty: in order that ye may be grateful. 3563 3564 3565
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The theme of Allah's artistry in the physical and the spiritual world was placed before us above in xxx. 20-27. Then, in verse 28-40, we were shown how man and nature were pure as they came out of the hand of Allah, and how we must restore this purity in order to fulfill the Will and Plan of Allah. Now we are told how the restorative and purifying agencies are sent by Allah Himself,-in both the physical and the spiritual world.

Cf. vii. 57 and n. 1036 and xxv. 48 and n. 3104.

In the physical world, the winds not only cool and purify the air, and bring the blessings of rain, which fertilizes the soil, but they help international commerce and intercourse among men through sea-ways and now by air-ways. Those who know how to take advantage of these blessings of Allah prosper and rejoice, while those who ignore or fail to understand these Signs perish in storms. So in the spiritual world: heralds of glad tidings were sent by Allah in the shape of Messengers: those who profited by their Message prospered and those who ignored or opposed the Clear Signs perished, see next verse.

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30:47
وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ رُسُلًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِمْ فَجَآءُوهُم بِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِ فَٱنتَقَمْنَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَجْرَمُوا۟ ۖ وَكَانَ حَقًّا عَلَيْنَا نَصْرُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ Walaqad arsaln a min qablika rusulan il a qawmihim faj a oohum bi a lbayyin a ti fa i ntaqamn a mina alla th eena ajramoo wak a na h aqqan AAalayn a na s ru almumineen a
And indeed, [O Muhammad, even] before thee did We send forth apostles - each one unto his own people43 -and they brought them all evidence of the truth: and then, [by causing the believers to triumph,] We inflicted Our retribution upon those who [deliberately] did evil: for We had willed it upon Our-selves to succour the believers.
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit.. "did We send apostles to their [own] people": see note [96] on 10:74 .

We sent before you Rasools to their respective people, and they brought them clear signs. Some rejected them while others believed, then We subjected the guilty ones to Our retribution and We aided the believers - it is due on Us to help the Believers.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Indeed, We sent before you 'O Prophet' messengers, each to their own people, and they came to them with clear proofs. Then We inflicted punishment upon those who persisted in wickedness. For it is Our duty to help the believers.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Verily We sent before thee (Muhammad) messengers to their own folk. They brought them clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty). Then We took vengeance upon those who were guilty (in regard to them). To help believers is incumbent upon Us.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
We did indeed send before thee apostles to their (respective) peoples and they came to them with Clear Signs: then to those who transgressed We meted out Retribution: and it was due from us to aid those who believed.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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30:48
ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى يُرْسِلُ ٱلرِّيَـٰحَ فَتُثِيرُ سَحَابًا فَيَبْسُطُهُۥ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ كَيْفَ يَشَآءُ وَيَجْعَلُهُۥ كِسَفًا فَتَرَى ٱلْوَدْقَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ خِلَـٰلِهِۦ ۖ فَإِذَآ أَصَابَ بِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِۦٓ إِذَا هُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ All a hu alla th ee yursilu a l rriy ah a fatutheeru sa ha ban fayabsu t uhu fee a l ssam a i kayfa yash a o wayajAAaluhu kisafan fatar a alwadqa yakhruju min khil a lihi fai tha a sa ba bihi man yash a o min AAib a dihi i tha hum yastabshiroon a
It is God who sends forth the winds [of hope],44 so that they raise a cloud - whereupon He spreads it over the skies as He wills, and causes it to break up so that thou seest rain issue from within it: and as soon as He causes it to fall upon whomever He wills of His servants-lo! they rejoice,
  - Mohammad Asad

As in verse {46} above, the reference to "the winds" has here a symbolic significance, namely, spiritual life and hope; hence my interpolation.

It is Allah Who sends the winds to raise the clouds, then He spreads them in the sky and breaks them into fragments as He pleases, then you see raindrops falling from their midst. When He showers this rain upon those of His servants whom He pleases, lo! They are filled with joy,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
It is Allah Who sends the winds, which then stir up 'vapour, forming' clouds, which He then spreads out in the sky or piles up into masses as He wills, from which you see rain come forth. Then as soon as He causes it to fall on whoever He wills of His servants, they rejoice,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Allah is He who sendeth the winds so that they raise clouds, and spreadeth them along the sky as pleaseth Him, and causeth them to break and thou seest the rain downpouring from within them. And when He maketh it to fall on whom He will of His bondmen, lo! they rejoice;
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
It is Allah Who sends the Winds and they raise the Clouds: then does He spread them in the sky as He wills and break them into fragments until thou seest rain-drops issue from the midst thereof: then when He has made them reach such of his servants as He wills behold they do rejoice! 3566 3567
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Again the Parable of the Winds is presented from another aspect, both physical and spiritual. In the physical world, see their play with the Clouds: how they suck up the moisture from terrestrial water, carry it about in dark clouds as needed, and break it up with rain as needed. So Allah's wonderful Grace draws up men's spiritual aspirations from the most unlikely places and suspends them as dark mysteries, according to His holy Will and Plan: and when His Message reaches the hearts of men even in the smallest fragments, how its recipients rejoice, even though before it, they were in utter despair!

See last note.

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30:49
وَإِن كَانُوا۟ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يُنَزَّلَ عَلَيْهِم مِّن قَبْلِهِۦ لَمُبْلِسِينَ Wain k a noo min qabli an yunazzala AAalayhim min qablihi lamubliseen a
even though a short while ago, [just] before it was sent down upon them, they had abandoned all hope!
  - Mohammad Asad
though before its coming they may have lost all hope.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
although they had utterly lost hope just before it was sent down to them.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Though before that, even before it was sent down upon them, they were in despair.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Even though before they received (the rain) just before this they were dumb with despair!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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30:50
فَٱنظُرْ إِلَىٰٓ ءَاثَـٰرِ رَحْمَتِ ٱللَّهِ كَيْفَ يُحْىِ ٱلْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَآ ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمُحْىِ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ Fa o n th ur il a a th a ri ra h mati All a hi kayfa yu h yee alar d a baAAda mawtih a inna tha lika lamu h yee almawt a wahuwa AAal a kulli shayin qadeer un
Behold, then, [O man,] these signs of God's grace - how He gives life to the earth after it had been lifeless! Verily, this Selfsame [God] is indeed the One that can bring the dead back to life: for He has the power to will anything!
  - Mohammad Asad
Just look at the traces of Allah's Mercy! How He gives life to the earth after its death. Surely the same way He will give life to the dead; for He has power over all things.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
See then the impact of Allah's mercy: how He gives life to the earth after its death! Surely That 'same God' can raise the dead. For He is Most Capable of everything.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Look, therefor, at the prints of Allah's mercy (in creation): how He quickeneth the earth after her death. Lo! He verily is the Quickener of the Dead, and He is Able to do all things.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Then contemplate (O man!) the memorials of Allah's Mercy! How He gives life to the earth after its death: verily the Same will give life to the men who are dead: for He has power over all things. 3568
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

After the two Parables about the purifying action of the Winds and their fertilizing action, we now have the Parable of the earth that dies in winter or drought and lives again in spring or rain, by Allah's Grace: so in the spiritual sphere, man may be dead and may live again by the Breath of Allah and His Mercy if she will only place himself in Allah's hands.

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30:51
وَلَئِنْ أَرْسَلْنَا رِيحًا فَرَأَوْهُ مُصْفَرًّا لَّظَلُّوا۟ مِنۢ بَعْدِهِۦ يَكْفُرُونَ Walain arsaln a ree h an faraawhu mu s farran la th alloo min baAAdihi yakfuroon a
But thus it is: if45 We send a wind [that scorches their land], and they see it turn yellow, they begin, after that [erstwhile joy], to deny the truth [of Our almightiness and grace]!46
  - Mohammad Asad

The particle la'in (lit., "indeed, if . . .") is often used in the Qur'an to express the recurrent, typical character of the attitude or situation referred to in the sequence; in all such cases it may be suitably rendered as "thus it is: if . . .", etc.

For a full explanation of this verse, see 11:9 and the corresponding notes [16-19].

And if We send a wind which turns their crops yellow, behold they will become even more firm in their disbelief.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Then if We send a 'harsh' wind which they see withering 'their' crops, they will definitely deny 'old favours' right after.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And if We sent a wind and they beheld it yellow; they verily would still continue in their disbelief.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And if We (but) send a Wind from which they see (their tilth) turn yellow behold they become thereafter ungrateful (Unbelievers)! 3569
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Another Parable from the forces of nature. We saw how the Winds gladdened, vivified, and enriched those who utilized them in the right spirit. But a wind might be destructive to tilth in certain circumstances: so the blessings of Allah may-by the wrongdoers resisting and blaspheming-bring punishment to the wrong-doers. Instead of taking the punishment in the right spirit-in the spirit in which Believers of Allah take their misfortunes,-the Unbelievers curse and deepen their sin!

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30:52
فَإِنَّكَ لَا تُسْمِعُ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ وَلَا تُسْمِعُ ٱلصُّمَّ ٱلدُّعَآءَ إِذَا وَلَّوْا۟ مُدْبِرِينَ Fainnaka l a tusmiAAu almawt a wal a tusmiAAu a l ss umma a l dduAA a a i tha wallaw mudbireen a
And, verily, thou canst not make the dead hear: and [so, too,] thou canst not make the deaf [of heart] hear this call when they turn their backs [on thee] and go away,
  - Mohammad Asad
O Prophet, you cannot make the dead hear you, nor can you make the deaf hear your call especially when they have turned their backs and are running away;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
So you 'O Prophet' certainly cannot make the dead hear 'the truth'. Nor can you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs and walk away.
  - Mustafa Khattab
For verily thou (Muhammad) canst not make the dead to hear, nor canst thou make the deaf to hear the call when they have turned to flee.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
So verily thou canst not make the dead to hear nor canst thou make the deaf to hear the call when they show their backs and turn away. 3570
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The marvels of Allah's creation can be realized in a general way by every one who has a disposition to allow such knowledge to penetrate his mind. But if men, out of perversity, kill the very faculties which Allah has given them, how can they then understand? Besides the men who deaden their spiritual sense, there are men who may be likened to the deaf, who lack one faculty but to whom an appeal can be made through other faculties, such as the sense of sight; but if they turn their backs and refuse to be instructed at all, how can the Truth reach them?

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30:53
وَمَآ أَنتَ بِهَـٰدِ ٱلْعُمْىِ عَن ضَلَـٰلَتِهِمْ ۖ إِن تُسْمِعُ إِلَّا مَن يُؤْمِنُ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا فَهُم مُّسْلِمُونَ Wam a anta bih a di alAAumyi AAan d al a latihim in tusmiAAu ill a man yuminu bi a y a tin a fahum muslimoon a
just as thou canst not lead the blind [of heart] out of their error: none canst thou make hear [thy call] save such as [are willing to] believe in Our messages, and thus surrender themselves unto Us.47
  - Mohammad Asad

Cf. the identical passage in {27:80-81} and the corresponding note [72].

nor can you guide the blind out of their error. None will hear you save those who believe in Our revelations and submit themselves as Muslims.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Nor can you lead the blind out of their misguidance. You can make none hear 'the truth' except those who believe in Our revelations, 'fully' submitting 'to Allah'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Nor canst thou guide the blind out of their error. Thou canst make none to hear save those who believe in Our revelations so that they surrender (unto Him).
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Nor canst thou lead back the blind from their straying: only those wilt thou make to hear who believe in Our Signs and submit (their wills in Islam). 3571
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

See last note. Then there is the case of men about whom the saying holds true, that none are so blind as those who will not see. They prefer to stray in paths of wrong and of sense-pleasures. How can they be guided in any way? The only persons who gain by spiritual teaching are those who bring a mind to it-who believe and submit their wills to Allah's Will. This is the central doctrine of Islam.

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30:54
ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَكُم مِّن ضَعْفٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ضَعْفٍ قُوَّةً ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ ضَعْفًا وَشَيْبَةً ۚ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَلِيمُ ٱلْقَدِيرُ All a hu alla th ee khalaqakum min d aAAfin thumma jaAAala min baAAdi d aAAfin quwwatan thumma jaAAala min baAAdi quwwatin d aAAfan washaybatan yakhluqu m a yash a o wahuwa alAAaleemu alqadeer u
IT IS GOD who creates you [all in a state] of weak-ness, and then, after weakness, ordains strength [for you], and then, after [a period of] strength, ordains [old-age] weakness and grey hair.48 He creates what He wills; and He alone is all-knowing, infinite in His power.
  - Mohammad Asad

In the original, this sentence is formulated in the past tense ("has created you" and "has ordained"), stressing the recurrent character of man's life-phases. In translation, this recurrence can be suitably expressed by using the present tense.

It is Allah Who has created you in a state of helplessness as a baby, then gave you strength to come out of helplessness in youth, then after strength again helplessness and grey hair in old age. He creates whatever He wills and it is He Who is the All-knowing, the Almighty.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
It is Allah Who created you in a state of weakness, then developed 'your' weakness into strength, then developed 'your' strength into weakness and old age.1 He creates whatever He wills. For He is the All-Knowing, Most Capable.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 lit., grey hair.

Allah is He who shaped you out of weakness, then appointed after weakness strength, then, after strength, appointed weakness and grey hair. He createth what He will. He is the Knower, the Mighty.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
It is Allah Who created you in a state of (helpless) weakness then gave (you) strength after weakness then after strength give (you) weakness and a hoary head: He creates as He wills and it is He Who has all knowledge and power. 3572
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

What was said before about the people who make Allah's teaching of "of none effect" does not mean that Evil will defeat Allah. On the contrary we are asked to contemplate the mysteries of Allah's wisdom with another Parable. In our physical life we see how strength is evolved out of weakness and weakness out of strength. The helpless babe becomes a lusty man in the pride of his manhood, and then sinks to a feeble old age: and yet there is wisdom in all these stages in the Universal Plan. So Allah carries out His Plan in this world "as He wills", i.e., according to His Will and Plan, and none can gainsay it. And His Plan is wise and can never be frustrated.

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30:55
وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يُقْسِمُ ٱلْمُجْرِمُونَ مَا لَبِثُوا۟ غَيْرَ سَاعَةٍ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كَانُوا۟ يُؤْفَكُونَ Wayawma taqoomu a l ss a AAatu yuqsimu almujrimoona m a labithoo ghayra s a AAatin ka tha lika k a noo yufakoon a
[He it is who will cause you to die, and in time will resurrect you.]49 And when the Last Hour dawns, those who had been lost in sin will swear that they had not tarried [on earth] longer than an hour: thus were they wont to delude themselves [all their lives]!50
  - Mohammad Asad

This interpolation - the meaning of which is elliptically implied here - shows the connection of the present passage with the preceding one, as well as with verses {11-16} and {27}.

The illusory character of man's earthbound concept of "time" is brought out in the Qur'an in several places. In the above context stress is laid, firstly, on the relativity of this concept - i.e., on the infinitesimal shortness of our life on earth as compared with the timeless duration of life in the hereafter (cf., for instance, 10:45 or 17:52 ) - and, secondly, on the resurrected sinners' self-deluding excuse that their life on earth had been too short to allow them to realize their errors and mend their ways. It is to this second aspect of the problem that the Qur'an alludes in the words, "thus were they wont to delude themselves" (lit., "to be turned away", i.e., from the truth). For an explanation of the verb yu'fikun, see surah {5}, note [90].

On the Day when the Hour of Judgement will be established, the criminals will swear that they did not stay in this world more than an hour; thus are they ever deluded.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And on the Day the Hour will arrive, the wicked will swear that they did not stay 'in this world' more than an hour. In this way they were always deluded 'in the world'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And on the day when the Hour riseth the guilty will vow that they did tarry but an hour-- thus were they ever deceived.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
On the Day that the Hour (of reckoning) will be established the transgressors will swear that they tarried not but an hour: thus were they used to being deluded! 3573
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Whatever the seeming inequalities may be now-when the good appear to be weak and the strong seem to oppress-will be removed when the balance will be finally redressed. That will happen in good time,-indeed so quickly that the Transgressors will be taken by Surprise. They were deluded by the fact that what they took to be their triumph or their freedom to do what they liked was only a reprieve, a "Term Appointed", in which they could repent and amend and get Allah's Mercy. Failing this, they will then be up against the Penalties which they thought they had evaded or defied.

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