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Surah 37. As-Saffat

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37:106
إِنَّ هَـٰذَا لَهُوَ ٱلْبَلَـٰٓؤُا۟ ٱلْمُبِينُ Inna h atha lahuwa albal a o almubeen u
for, behold, all this was indeed a trial, clear in it ,elf.42
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., a trial of this severity clearly implied that Abraham would be capable to bear it, and thus constituted a high moral distinction - in itself a reward from God.

That was indeed a manifest test.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
That was truly a revealing test.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! that verily was a clear test.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
For this was obviously a trial
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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37:107
وَفَدَيْنَـٰهُ بِذِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ Wafadayn a hu bi th ib h in AAa th eem in
And We ransomed him with a tremendous sacrifice,43
  - Mohammad Asad

The epithet 'azim ("tremendous" or "mighty") renders it improbable that this sacrifice refers to nothing but the ram which Abraham subsequently found and slaughtered in Ishmael's stead (Genesis xxii, 13). To my mind, the sacrifice spoken of here is the one repeated every year by countless believers in connection with the pilgrimage to Mecca (al-hajj), which, in itself, commemorates the experience of Abraham and Ishmael and constitutes one of the "five pillars" of Islam. (See {22:27-37}, as well as {2:196-203}.)

We ransomed his son for a great sacrifice
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And We ransomed his son with a great sacrifice,1
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Allah sent a ram to be sacrificed in place of Ishmael.

Then We ransomed him with a tremendous victim.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We ransomed him with a momentous sacrifice: 4103
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The adjective qualifying "sacrifice" here, 'azim, (great, momentous) may be understood both in a literal and a figurative sense. In a literal sense it implies that a fine sheep or ram was substituted. The figurative sense is even more important. It was indeed a great and momentous occasion, when two men, with concerted will, "ranged themselves in the ranks" of those to whom self-sacrifice in the service of Allah was the supreme thing in life.

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37:108
وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرِينَ Watarakn a AAalayhi fee al a khireen a
and left him thus to be remembered among later generations:44
  - Mohammad Asad

See note [30] on verse {78}.

and We left his good name among the later generations.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and blessed Abraham 'with honourable mention' among later generations:
  - Mustafa Khattab
And We left for him among the later folk (the salutation):
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We left (this blessing) for him among generations (to come) in later times: 4104
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. above, xxxvii. 78-81 and n. 4083.

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37:109
سَلَـٰمٌ عَلَىٰٓ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ Sal a mun AAal a ibr a heem a
"Peace be upon Abraham!"
  - Mohammad Asad
Salutation to Ibrahim.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'Peace be upon Abraham.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Peace be unto Abraham!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Peace and salutation to Abraham!"
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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37:110
كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ Ka tha lika najzee almu h sineen a
Thus do We reward the doers of good-
  - Mohammad Asad
Thus We reward the righteous.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
This is how We reward the good-doers.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Thus do We reward the good.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Thus indeed do We reward those who do right.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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37:111
إِنَّهُۥ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ Innahu min AAib a din a almumineen a
for he was truly one of our believing servants.
  - Mohammad Asad
Surely he was one of Our believing devotees.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
He was truly one of Our faithful servants.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! he is one of Our believing slaves.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
For he was one of Our believing Servants.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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37:112
وَبَشَّرْنَـٰهُ بِإِسْحَـٰقَ نَبِيًّا مِّنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ Wabashsharn a hu biis ha qa nabiyyan mina a l ssa li h een a
And [in time] We gave him the glad tiding of Isaac, [who, too, would be] a prophet, one of the righteous;
  - Mohammad Asad
We gave him the good news of Ishaq - a prophet - one of the righteous.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
We 'later' gave him good news of Isaac- a prophet, and one of the righteous.1
  - Mustafa Khattab

 The birth of Isaac is announced after the story of sacrifice. So this is a proof that the son who was going to be sacrificed was Ishmael, not Isaac. This is also supported by 11:71, where Sarah is told that she would give birth to Isaac, who would (reach adulthood and) have a son by the name of Jacob.

And We gave him tidings of the birth of Isaac, a Prophet of the righteous.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We gave him the good news of Isaac a prophet one of the Righteous. 4105
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Isaac was Abraham's second son, born of Sarah, when Abraham was 100 years of age. See n. 4101. He was also blessed and became the ancestor of the Jewish people. See next note.

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37:113
وَبَـٰرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَىٰٓ إِسْحَـٰقَ ۚ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا مُحْسِنٌ وَظَالِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِۦ مُبِينٌ Wab a rakn a AAalayhi waAAal a is ha qa wamin th urriyyatihim a mu h sinun wa th a limun linafsihi mubeen un
and We blessed him and Isaac: but among the offspring of these two there were [des-tined] to be both doers of good and such as would glaringly sin against themselves.45
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., commit evil. With this prediction the Qur'an refutes, as in so many other places, the spurious contention of the Jews that they are "the chosen people" by virtue of their descent from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and therefore a priori "assured", as it were, of God's acceptance. In other words, God's blessing a prophet or a saint does not, by itself, imply the conferment of any special status on his descendants.

We blessed him and Ishaq both. Among their progeny there are some who are righteous and some who are clearly wrong doing to their own souls.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
We blessed him1 and Isaac as well. Some of their descendants did good, while others clearly wronged themselves.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Abraham or Ishmael.

And We blessed him and Isaac. And of their seed are some who do good, and some who plainly wrong themselves.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
We blessed him and Isaac: but of their progeny are (some) that do right and (some) that obviously do wrong to their own souls. 4106
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

So long as the Children of Israel upheld the righteous banner of Allah, they enjoyed Allah's blessing, and their history is a portion of sacred history. When they fell from grace, they did not stop Allah's Plan: they injured their own souls.

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37:114
وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ وَهَـٰرُونَ Walaqad manann a AAal a moos a wah a roon a
THUS, INDEED, did We bestow Our favour upon Moses and Aaron;46
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., in consideration of their own merit, and not because of their descent from Abraham and Isaac (see preceding verse and note).

We bestowed Our favor on Musa and Haroon.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And We certainly showed favour to Moses and Aaron,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And We verily gave grace unto Moses and Aaron,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Again (of old) We bestowed Our favor on Moses and Aaron. 4107
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The story of Moses is told in numerous passages of the Qur-an. The passages most illustrative of the present passage will be found in xxviii. 4 (oppression of the Israelites in Egypt) and xx. 77-79 (the Israelites triumphant over their enemies when the latter were drowned in the Red Sea).

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37:115
وَنَجَّيْنَـٰهُمَا وَقَوْمَهُمَا مِنَ ٱلْكَرْبِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ Wanajjayn a hum a waqawmahum a mina alkarbi alAAa th eem i
and We saved them and their people from the awesome calamity [of bondage],
  - Mohammad Asad
We delivered them with all their people from the mighty distress.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and delivered them and their people from the great distress.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And saved them and their people from the great distress,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We delivered them and their people from (their) Great Calamity; 4108
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

What could have been a greater calamity to them than that they should have been held in slavery by the Egyptians, that their male children should have been killed and their female children should have been saved alive for the Egyptians?

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37:116
وَنَصَرْنَـٰهُمْ فَكَانُوا۟ هُمُ ٱلْغَـٰلِبِينَ Wana s arn a hum fak a noo humu algh a libeen a
and succoured them, so that [in the end] it was they who achieved victory.
  - Mohammad Asad
We helped them so they became victorious.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
We helped them so it was they who prevailed.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And helped them so that they became the victors.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We helped them so they overcame (their troubles); 4109
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Israelites were delivered by three steps mentioned in verses 114, 115, and 116 respectively; but the consummation of Allah's favour on them was (verses 117-118) the Revelation given to them, which guided them on the Straight Way, so long as they preserved the Revelation intact and followed its precepts. The three steps were: (1) the divine commission to Moses and Aaron: (2) the deliverance from bondage; and (3) the triumphant crossing of the Red Sea and the destruction of Pharaoh's army.

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37:117
وَءَاتَيْنَـٰهُمَا ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ ٱلْمُسْتَبِينَ Wa a tayn a hum a alkit a ba almustabeen a
And We gave them the divine writ that made [right and wrong] distinct,47
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., "the Torah, wherein there was guidance and light ... unto those who followed the Jewish faith" ( 5:44 ).

We gave them the Glorious Book (Torah),
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
We gave them the clear Scripture,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And We gave them the clear Scripture
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We gave them the Book which helps to make things clear; 4110
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Mustabin has a slightly different force from Mubin. I have translated the former by "which helps to make things clear", and the latter by "which makes things clear",-apt descriptions as applied to the Taurat and the Qur-an.

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37:118
وَهَدَيْنَـٰهُمَا ٱلصِّرَٰطَ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمَ Wahadayn a hum a a l ss ir at a almustaqeem a
and guided them the straight way,
  - Mohammad Asad
and guided them both to the Right Way.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and guided them to the Straight Path.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And showed them the right path.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We guided them to the Straight Way.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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37:119
وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِمَا فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرِينَ Watarakn a AAalayhim a fee al a khireen a
and left them thus to be remem-bered among later generations:
  - Mohammad Asad
We left their good names among the later generations.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And We blessed them 'with honourable mention' among later generations:
  - Mustafa Khattab
And We left for them, among the later folk (the salutation):
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We left (this blessing) for them among generations (to come) in later times: 4111
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

See above, xxxvii. 78-81 and n. 4083.

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37:120
سَلَـٰمٌ عَلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ وَهَـٰرُونَ Sal a mun AAal a moos a wah a roon a
"Peace be upon Moses and Aaron!"
  - Mohammad Asad
Salutation to Musa and Haroon.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'Peace be upon Moses and Aaron.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Peace be unto Moses and Aaron!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Peace and salutation to Moses and Aaron!"
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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