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Surah 3. Aal-Imran

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3:96
إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِى بِبَكَّةَ مُبَارَكًا وَهُدًى لِّلْعَـٰلَمِينَ Inna awwala baytin wu d iAAa li l nn a si lalla th ee bibakkata mub a rakan wahudan lilAA a lameen a
Behold, the first Temple ever set up for mankind was indeed the one at Bakkah:75 rich in blessing, and a [source of] guidance unto all the worlds,
  - Mohammad Asad

All authorities agree that this name is synonymous with Mecca (which, correctly transliterated, is spelt Makkah). Various etymologies have been suggested for this very ancient designation; but the most plausible explanation is given by Zamakhshari (and supported by Razi): in some old Arabic dialects the labial consonants b and m, being phonetically close to one another, are occasionally interchangeable. The mention, in this context, of the Temple in Mecca - that is, the Ka'bah - arises from the fact that it is the direction of prayer (qiblah) stipulated in the Qur'an. Since the prototype of the Ka'bah was built by Abraham and Ishmael (see 2:125 ff.) - and is, therefore, much older than the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem - its establishment as the qiblah of the followers of the Quran does not only not imply any break with the Abrahamic tradition (on which, ultimately, the whole Bible rests), but, on the contrary, re-establishes the direct contact with that Patriarch: and herein lies the answer to the second of the two Jewish objections mentioned in note [73] above.

Undoubtedly the first House for the worship of Allah ever built for mankind is the one at Bakka (Makkah), a blessed site and a guidance for all the worlds.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Surely the first House 'of worship' established for humanity is the one at Bakkah- a blessed sanctuary and a guide for 'all' people.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! the first Sanctuary appointed for mankind was that at Mecca, a blessed place, a guidance to the peoples;
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The first House (of worship) appointed for men was that at Bakka full of blessing and of guidance for all kinds of beings: 422 423
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Bakka: same as Makkah, perhaps an older name. The foundation of the Ka'ba goes back to Abraham.

'Alamin: all the worlds (i. 2. ii), all kinds of beings; all nations (iii. 42): all creatures (iii. 97),

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3:97
فِيهِ ءَايَـٰتٌۢ بَيِّنَـٰتٌ مَّقَامُ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ ۖ وَمَن دَخَلَهُۥ كَانَ ءَامِنًا ۗ وَلِلَّهِ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ حِجُّ ٱلْبَيْتِ مَنِ ٱسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا ۚ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِىٌّ عَنِ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ Feehi a y a tun bayyin a tun maq a mu ibr a heema waman dakhalahu k a na a minan walill a hi AAal a a l nn a si h ijju albayti mani ista ta AAa ilayhi sabeelan waman kafara fainna All a ha ghaniyyun AAani alAA a lameen a
full of clear messages.76 [It is] the place whereon Abraham once stood; and whoever enters it finds inner peace.77 Hence, pilgrimage unto the Temple is a duty owed to God by all people who are able to undertake it. And as for those who deny the truth - verily, God does not stand in need of anything in all the worlds.
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "in it [are] clear messages" - such as the messages relating to God's oneness and uniqueness (symbolized by the Ka'bah), to the continuity of mankind's religious experience ("the first Temple set up for mankind") and, finally, to the brotherhood of all believers (who, wherever they may be, turn their faces in prayer towards this one focal point).

Or: "is secure" - i.e., in the original sense of amn, which implies "ease of mind and freedom from fear" (cf. Lane I, 100 f.).

In it are clear signs and the Station of Ibrahim (Abraham) where he used to worship. Whoever enters it is safe. Performance of Hajj (pilgrimage) to this House is a duty to Allah for all who can afford the journey to it; and the one who disobeys this commandment should know that Allah is Self-sufficient, beyond the need of anyone from the worlds.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
In it are clear signs and the standing-place of Abraham. Whoever enters it should be safe. Pilgrimage to this House is an obligation by Allah upon whoever is able among the people.1 And whoever disbelieves, then surely Allah is not in need of 'any of His' creation.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Pilgrimage is obligatory on every Muslim at least once in their lifetime if the person is physically and financially able.

Wherein are plain memorials (of Allah's guidance); the place where Abraham stood up to pray; and whosoever entereth it is safe. And pilgrimage to the House is a duty unto Allah for mankind, for him who can find a way thither. As for him who disbelieveth, (let him know that) Lo! Allah is Independent of (all) creatures.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
In it are signs manifest; (for example) the Station of Abraham; whoever enters it attains security; pilgrimage thereto is a duty men owe to Allah those who can afford the journey; but if any deny faith Allah stands not in need of any of his creatures. 424 425
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Station of Abraham: see ii. 125 and n. 125.

See reference in last note.

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3:98
قُلْ يَـٰٓأَهْلَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ لِمَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَىٰ مَا تَعْمَلُونَ Qul y a ahla alkit a bi lima takfuroona bi a y a ti All a hi wa A ll a hu shaheedun AAal a m a taAAmaloon a
SAY: "O followers of earlier revelation! Why do you refuse to acknowledge the truth of God's messages, when God is witness to all that you do?"
  - Mohammad Asad
Say: "O people of the Book! Why do you deny the revelations of Allah? Allah Himself is a witness to your actions."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Say, 'O Prophet,' 'O People of the Book! Why do you deny the revelations of Allah, when Allah is a Witness to what you do?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: O People of the Scripture! Why disbelieve ye in the revelations of Allah, when Allah (Himself) is Witness of what ye do?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "O people of the Book! why reject ye the signs of Allah when Allah is Himself witness to all ye do?
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:99
قُلْ يَـٰٓأَهْلَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ لِمَ تَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ مَنْ ءَامَنَ تَبْغُونَهَا عِوَجًا وَأَنتُمْ شُهَدَآءُ ۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَـٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ Qul y a ahla alkit a bi lima ta s uddoona AAan sabeeli All a hi man a mana tabghoonah a AAiwajan waantum shuhad a o wam a All a hu bigh a filin AAamm a taAAmaloon a
Say: "O followers of earlier revelation! Why do you [endeavour to] bar those who have come to believe [in this divine writ] from the path of God by trying to make it appear crooked, when you yourselves bear witness78 [to its being straight]? For, God is not unaware of what you do."
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., "through your own scriptures" (see note [69] above, as well as note [33] on 2:42 ). This is an allusion to the attempts of Jews and Christians to "prove" that Muhammad had "borrowed" the main ideas of the Qur'an from the Bible and twisted them out of context so as to suit his own alleged "ambitions".

Say: "O people of the Book! Why do you obstruct the believers from the path of Allah and desire that they follow the crooked way while you yourselves are witnesses to Allah's Covenant? Allah is not unmindful of what you do."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Say, 'O People of the Book! Why do you turn the believers away from the Way of Allah- striving to make it 'appear' crooked, while you are witnesses 'to its truth'? And Allah is never unaware of what you do.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: O People of the Scripture! Why drive ye back believers from the way of Allah, seeking to make it crooked, when ye are witnesses (to Allah's guidance)? Allah is not unaware of what ye do.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "O ye People of the Book! why obstruct ye those who believe from the path of Allah seeking to make it crooked while ye were yourselves witnesses (to Allah's Covenant)? But Allah is not unmindful of all that ye do." 426
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. iii. 81.

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3:100
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِن تُطِيعُوا۟ فَرِيقًا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ يَرُدُّوكُم بَعْدَ إِيمَـٰنِكُمْ كَـٰفِرِينَ Y a ayyuh a alla th eena a manoo in tu t eeAAoo fareeqan mina alla th eena ootoo alkit a ba yaruddookum baAAda eem a nikum k a fireen a
O you who have attained to faith! If you pay heed to some of those to whom revelation was vouchsafed aforetime, they might cause you to renounce the truth after you have come to believe [in it].
  - Mohammad Asad
O believers! If you were to obey a group of those who were given the Book, they will turn you back from belief to unbelief.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
O believers! If you were to yield to a group of those who were given the Scripture, they would turn you back from belief to disbelief.
  - Mustafa Khattab
O ye who believe! If ye obey a party of those who have received the Scripture they will make you disbelievers after your belief.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
O ye who believe! if ye listen to a faction among the People of the Book they would (indeed) render you apostates after ye have believed!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:101
وَكَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ وَأَنتُمْ تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ ءَايَـٰتُ ٱللَّهِ وَفِيكُمْ رَسُولُهُۥ ۗ وَمَن يَعْتَصِم بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدْ هُدِىَ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ Wakayfa takfuroona waantum tutl a AAalaykum a y a tu All a hi wafeekum rasooluhu waman yaAAta s im bi A ll a hi faqad hudiya il a s ir at in mustaqeem in
And how could you deny the truth when it is unto you that God's messages are being conveyed, and it is in your midst that His Apostle lives? But he who holds fast unto God has already been guided onto a straight way.
  - Mohammad Asad
Just think, how can you turn away from belief on their statements, when Allah's revelations are being recited to you and Allah's Rasool is among you? Whoever holds fast to Allah, will indeed be guided towards the Right Way.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
How can you disbelieve when Allah's revelations are recited to you and His Messenger is in your midst? Whoever holds firmly to Allah is surely guided to the Straight Path.
  - Mustafa Khattab
How can ye disbelieve, when Allah's revelations are recited unto you, and His messenger is in your midst? He who holdeth fast to Allah, he indeed is guided unto a right path.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And how would ye deny faith while unto you are rehearsed the Signs of Allah and among you lives the Apostle? Whoever holds firmly to Allah will be shown a way that is straight.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:102
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِۦ وَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنتُم مُّسْلِمُونَ Y a ayyuh a alla th eena a manoo ittaqoo All a ha h aqqa tuq a tihi wal a tamootunna ill a waantum muslimoon a
O you who have attained to faith! Be conscious of God with all the consciousness that is due to Him, and do not allow death to overtake you ere you have surrendered yourselves unto Him.
  - Mohammad Asad
O believers! Fear Allah as He should be feared and die not but as true Muslims.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
O believers! Be mindful of Allah in the way He deserves,1 and do not die except in 'a state of full' submission 'to Him'.2
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Meaning, always be conscious of Him; obedient and grateful to Him.

 lit., except as Muslims.

O ye who believe! Observe your duty to Allah with right observance, and die not save as those who have surrendered (unto Him);
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
O ye who believe! fear Allah as He should be feared and die not except in a state of Islam. 427 428
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Fear is of many kinds: (1) the abject fear of the coward; (2) the fear of a child or an inexperienced person in the face of an unknown danger; (3) the fear of a reasonable man who wishes to avoid harm to himself or to people whom he wishes to protect; (4) the reverence which is akin to love, for it fears to do anything which is not pleasing to the object of love. The first is unworthy of man; the second is necessary for one immature; the third is a manly precaution against evil as long as it is unconquered; and the fourth is the seed-bed of righteousness. Those mature in faith cultivate the fourth: at earlier stages, the third or the second may be necessary; they are fear, but not the fear of Allah. The first is a feeling of which anyone should be ashamed.

Our whole being should be permeated with Islam: it is not a mere veneer or outward show.

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3:103
وَٱعْتَصِمُوا۟ بِحَبْلِ ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعًا وَلَا تَفَرَّقُوا۟ ۚ وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ كُنتُمْ أَعْدَآءً فَأَلَّفَ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِكُمْ فَأَصْبَحْتُم بِنِعْمَتِهِۦٓ إِخْوَٰنًا وَكُنتُمْ عَلَىٰ شَفَا حُفْرَةٍ مِّنَ ٱلنَّارِ فَأَنقَذَكُم مِّنْهَا ۗ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ ءَايَـٰتِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ Wa i AAta s imoo bi h abli All a hi jameeAAan wal a tafarraqoo wa o th kuroo niAAmata All a hi AAalaykum i th kuntum aAAd a an faallafa bayna quloobikum faa s ba h tum biniAAmatihi ikhw a nan wakuntum AAal a shaf a h ufratin mina a l nn a ri faanqa th akum minh a ka tha lika yubayyinu All a hu lakum a y a tihi laAAallakum tahtadoon a
And hold fast, all together, unto the bond with God, and do not draw apart from one another. And remember the blessings which God has bestowed upon you: how, when you were enemies, He brought your hearts together, so that through His blessing you became brethren; and [how, when] you were on the brink of a fiery abyss,79 He saved you from it. In this way God makes clear His messages unto you, so that you might find guidance,
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "a pit of fire" - a metaphor of the sufferings which are the inescapable consequence of spiritual ignorance. The reminder of their one-time mutual enmity is an allusion to man's lot on earth (cf. 2:36 and 7:24 ), from which only God's guidance can save him (see {2:37-38}).

All together hold fast the rope of Allah (Faith of Islam) and be not divided among yourselves. Remember Allah's favors upon you when you were enemies; He united your hearts, so by His favor you became brethren; you were at the brink of the fiery pit and He saved you from it. Thus Allah makes His revelations clear to you, so that you may be rightly guided.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And hold firmly to the rope of Allah1 and do not be divided. Remember Allah's favour upon you when you were enemies, then He united your hearts, so you- by His grace- became brothers. And you were at the brink of a fiery pit and He saved you from it. This is how Allah makes His revelations clear to you, so that you may be 'rightly' guided.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 i.e., Allah’s covenant.

And hold fast, all of you together, to the cable of Allah, and do not separate. And remember Allah's favor unto you: how ye were enemies and He made friendship between your hearts so that ye became as brothers by His grace; and (how) ye were upon the brink of an abyss of fire, and He did save you from it. Thus Allah maketh clear His revelations unto you, that haply ye may be guided;
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And hold fast all together by the rope which Allah (stretches out for you) and be not divided among yourselves; and remember with gratitude Allah's favor on you; for ye were enemies and He joined your hearts in love so that by His grace ye became brethren; and ye were on the brink of the pit of fire and He saved you from it. Thus doth Allah make his signs clear to you: that ye may be guided. 429 430
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The simile is that of people struggling in deep water, to whom a benevolent Providence stretches out a strong and unbreakable rope of rescue. If all hold fast to it together, their mutual support adds to the chance of their safety.

Yathrib was torn with civil and tribal feuds and dissensions before the Messenger of Allah set his feet on its soil. After that, it became the City of the Prophet, Madinah, and unmatched Brotherhood, and the pivot of Islam. This poor quarrelsome world is a larger Yathrib: can we establish the sacred feet on its soil, and make it a new and larger Madinah?

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3:104
وَلْتَكُن مِّنكُمْ أُمَّةٌ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى ٱلْخَيْرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ ۚ وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَ Waltakun minkum ommatun yadAAoona il a alkhayri wayamuroona bi a lmaAAroofi wayanhawna AAani almunkari waol a ika humu almufli h oon a
and that there might grow out of you a community [of people] who invite unto all that is good, and enjoin the doing of what is right and forbid the doing of what is wrong: and it is they, they who shall attain to a happy state!
  - Mohammad Asad
Let there arise from among you a band of people who should invite to righteousness, enjoin good and forbid evil; such are the ones who shall be successful.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Let there be a group among you who call 'others' to goodness, encourage what is good, and forbid what is evil- it is they who will be successful.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And there may spring from you a nation who invite to goodness, and enjoin right conduct and forbid indecency. Such are they who are successful.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Let there arise out of you a band of people inviting to all that is good enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong; they are the ones to attain felicity. 431
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Muflih, aflaha, falah: the root idea is attainment of desires; happiness, in this world and the next; success; prosperity; freedom from anxiety, care, or a disturbed state of mind;-the opposite of 'azab in the next verse, which includes: failure; misery; punishment or penalty; agony or anguish. The ideal Muslim community is happy, untroubled by conflicts or doubts, sure of itself, strong, united, and prosperous: because it invites to all that is good; enjoins the right; and forbids the wrong,-a master-stroke of description in three clauses.

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3:105
وَلَا تَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ تَفَرَّقُوا۟ وَٱخْتَلَفُوا۟ مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتُ ۚ وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ Wal a takoonoo ka a lla th eena tafarraqoo wa i khtalafoo min baAAdi m a j a ahumu albayyin a tu waol a ika lahum AAa tha bun AAa th eem un
And be not like those who have drawn apart from one another and have taken to conflicting views after all evidence of the truth has come unto them:80 for these it is for whom tremendous suffering is in store
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., like the followers of the Bible, who became "Jews" and "Christians" in spite of the fact that their beliefs have a common source and are based on the same spiritual truths (see also 6:159 and the corresponding note).

Be not like those who became divided into sects and who started to argue against each other after clear revelations had come to them. Those responsible for division and arguments will be sternly punished
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And do not be like those who split 'into sects' and differed after clear proofs had come to them. It is they who will suffer a tremendous punishment.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And be ye not as those who separated and disputed after the clear proofs had come unto them. For such there is an awful doom,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Be not like those who are divided amongst themselves and fall into disputations after receiving clear signs; for them is a dreadful penalty.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:106
يَوْمَ تَبْيَضُّ وُجُوهٌ وَتَسْوَدُّ وُجُوهٌ ۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسْوَدَّتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ أَكَفَرْتُم بَعْدَ إِيمَـٰنِكُمْ فَذُوقُوا۟ ٱلْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ Yawma tabya dd u wujoohun wataswaddu wujoohun faamm a alla th eena iswaddat wujoohuhum akafartum baAAda eem a nikum fa th ooqoo alAAa tha ba bim a kuntum takfuroon a
on the Day [of Judgment] when some faces will shine [with happiness] and some faces will be dark [with grief]. And as for those with faces darkened, [they shall be told:] "Did you deny the truth after having attained to faith? Taste, then, this suffering for having denied the truth!"
  - Mohammad Asad
on the Day when some faces will be brightened with joy and others darkened with gloom. To the dark-faced sinner it will be said: "Did you adopt the way of disbelief after embracing the True Faith? Then taste the punishment for having adopted the way of disbelief."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
On that Day some faces will be bright while others gloomy. To the gloomy-faced it will be said, 'Did you disbelieve after having believed? So taste the punishment for your disbelief.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
On the day when (some) faces will be whitened and (some) faces will be blackened; and as for those whose faces have been blackened, it will be said unto them: Disbelieved ye after your (profession of) belief? Then taste the punishment for that ye disbelieved.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
On the day when some faces will be (lit up with) white and some faces will be (in the gloom of) black; to those whose faces will be black (will be said): "Did ye reject faith after accepting it? Taste then the penalty for rejecting faith. 432
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The "face" (wajh) expresses our Personality, our inmost being. White is the colour of Light; to become white is to be illumined with Light, which stands for felicity, the rays of the glorious light of Allah. Black is the colour of darkness, sin, rebellion, misery; removal from the grace and light of Allah. These are the Signs of heaven and hell. The standard of decision in all questions is the justice of Allah.

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3:107
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ٱبْيَضَّتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ فَفِى رَحْمَةِ ٱللَّهِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَـٰلِدُونَ Waamm a alla th eena ibya dd at wujoohuhum fafee ra h mati All a hi hum feeh a kh a lidoon a
But as for those with faces shining, they shall be within God's grace, therein to abide.
  - Mohammad Asad
As for the bright-faced ones, they will be in Allah's Mercy and abide therein forever.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
As for the bright-faced, they will be in Allah's mercy, where they will remain forever.
  - Mustafa Khattab
As for those whose faces have been whitened, Lo! in the mercy of Allah they dwell for ever.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But those whose faces will be (lit with) white they will be in (the light of) Allah's Mercy; therein to dwell (for ever).
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:108
تِلْكَ ءَايَـٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتْلُوهَا عَلَيْكَ بِٱلْحَقِّ ۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ظُلْمًا لِّلْعَـٰلَمِينَ Tilka a y a tu All a hi natlooh a AAalayka bi a l h aqqi wam a All a hu yureedu th ulman lilAA a lameen a
These are God's messages: We convey them unto thee, setting forth the truth, since God wills no wrong to His creation.81
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "to the worlds". For an explanation of this sentence, see {6:131-132} and note [117].

These are the Revelations of Allah, We recite them to you in truth; Allah intends no injustice to the worlds.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
These are Allah's revelations We recite to you 'O Prophet' in truth. And Allah desires no injustice to 'His' creation.
  - Mustafa Khattab
These are revelations of Allah. We recite them unto thee in truth. Allah willeth no injustice to (His) creatures.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
These are the Signs of Allah: We rehearse them to thee in truth: and Allah means no injustice to any of His creatures.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:109
وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ ٱلْأُمُورُ Walill a hi m a fee a l ssam a w a ti wam a fee alar d i wail a All a hi turjaAAu alomoor u
And unto God belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on earth; and all things go back to God [as their source].
  - Mohammad Asad
All that is in the heavens and in the earth belongs to Allah and all matters return to Allah for decision.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
To Allah 'alone' belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And to Allah 'all' matters will be returned 'for judgment'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Unto Allah belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth; and unto Allah all things are returned.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and on earth; to Him do all questions go back (for decision). 433
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. ii. 210.

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3:110
كُنتُمْ خَيْرَ أُمَّةٍ أُخْرِجَتْ لِلنَّاسِ تَأْمُرُونَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ ۗ وَلَوْ ءَامَنَ أَهْلُ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُم ۚ مِّنْهُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَأَكْثَرُهُمُ ٱلْفَـٰسِقُونَ Kuntum khayra ommatin okhrijat li l nn a si tamuroona bi a lmaAAroofi watanhawna AAani almunkari watuminoona bi A ll a hi walaw a mana ahlu alkit a bi lak a na khayran lahum minhumu almuminoona waaktharuhumu alf a siqoon a
YOU ARE indeed the best community that has ever been brought forth for [the good of] mankind: you enjoin the doing of what is right and forbid the doing of what is wrong, and you believe in God. Now if the followers of earlier revelation had attained to [this kind of] faith, it would have been for their own good; [but only few] among them are believers, while most of them are iniquitous:
  - Mohammad Asad
You are the best nation which has ever been raised for the guidance of mankind. You enjoin good, forbid evil, and believe in Allah. Had the People of the Book (Jews and Christians) believed, it would surely have been better for them; among them some are believers but most of them are transgressors.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
You are the best community ever raised for humanity- you encourage good, forbid evil, and believe in Allah. Had the People of the Book believed, it would have been better for them. Some of them are faithful, but most are rebellious.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Ye are the best community that hath been raised up for mankind. Ye enjoin right conduct and forbid indecency; and ye believe in Allah. And if the People of the Scripture had believed it had been better for them. Some of them are believers; but most of them are evil-livers.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Ye are the best of peoples evolved for mankind enjoining what is right forbidding what is wrong and believing in Allah. If only the People of the Book had faith it were best for them; among them are some who have faith but most of them are perverted transgressors. 434
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The logical conclusion to a Universal Religion is a non-sectarian, non-racial, non-doctrinal, religion, which Islam claims to be. For Islam is just submission to the Will of Allah. This implies (1) Faith, (2) doing right, being an example to others to do right, and having the power to see that the right prevails, (3) eschewing wrong, being an example to others to eschew wrong, and having the power to see that wrong and injustice are defeated. Islam therefore lives, not for itself, but for mankind. The People of the Book, if only they had faith, would be Muslims, for they have been prepared for Islam. Unfortunately there is Unfaith, but it can never harm those who carry the banner of Faith and Right, which must always be victorious.

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3:111
لَن يَضُرُّوكُمْ إِلَّآ أَذًى ۖ وَإِن يُقَـٰتِلُوكُمْ يُوَلُّوكُمُ ٱلْأَدْبَارَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنصَرُونَ Lan ya d urrookum ill a a th an wain yuq a tilookum yuwallookumu aladb a ra thumma l a yun s aroon a
[but] these can never inflict more than a passing hurt on you; and if they fight against you, they will turn their backs upon you [in flight], and will not be succoured.82
  - Mohammad Asad

As is obvious from the opening sentence of verse {110}, this promise to the followers of the Qur'an is conditional upon their being, or remaining, a community of people who "enjoin the doing of what is right and forbid the doing of what is wrong, and [truly] believe in God"; and - as history has shown - this promise is bound to lapse whenever the Muslims fail to live up to their faith.

Anyhow, they can do no harm to you except a trifling annoyance; if they do fight against you, they will turn their backs and run, getting no help from anywhere.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They can never inflict harm on you, except a little annoyance.1 But if they meet you in battle, they will flee and they will have no helpers.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 i.e., they can only annoy you with their words.

They will not harm you save a trifling hurt, and if they fight against you they will turn and flee. And afterward they will not be helped.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They will do you no harm barring a trifling annoyance; if they come out to fight you they will show you their backs and no help shall they get.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:112
ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلذِّلَّةُ أَيْنَ مَا ثُقِفُوٓا۟ إِلَّا بِحَبْلٍ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَحَبْلٍ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٍ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْمَسْكَنَةُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ يَكْفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَقْتُلُونَ ٱلْأَنۢبِيَآءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوا۟ وَّكَانُوا۟ يَعْتَدُونَ D uribat AAalayhimu a l thth illatu ayna m a thuqifoo ill a bi h ablin mina All a hi wa h ablin mina a l nn a si wab a oo bigha d abin mina All a hi wa d uribat AAalayhimu almaskanatu tha lika biannahum k a noo yakfuroona bi a y a ti All a hi wayaqtuloona alanbiy a a bighayri h aqqin tha lika bim a AAa s aw wak a noo yaAAtadoon a
Overshadowed by ignominy are they wherever they may be, save [when they bind themselves again] in a bond with God and a bond with men;83 for they have earned the burden of God's condemnation, and are overshadowed by humiliation: all this [has befallen them] because they persisted in denying the truth of God's messages and in slaying the prophets against all right: all this, because they rebelled [against God], and persisted in transgressing the bounds of what is right.84
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., if they return to the concept of God as the Lord and Sustainer of all mankind, and give up the idea of being "God's chosen people" which creates a barrier between them and all other believers in the One God.

The above passage - as the very similar one in 2:61 - relates specifically to the children of Israel, although this section as a whole (verses {110-115}) obviously refers to the followers of the Bible in general, that is, to both the Jews and the Christians.

Disgrace will be branded on them wherever they are found except when they get refuge under the favor of Allah or the patronage of other people; they have incurred the wrath of Allah and have been branded with misery because they disbelieved Allah's revelations and slew His prophets unjustly and because they disobeyed and transgressed the limits.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will be stricken with disgrace wherever they go, unless they are protected by a covenant with Allah or a treaty with the people. They have invited the displeasure of Allah and have been branded with misery for rejecting Allah's revelations and murdering 'His' prophets unjustly. This is 'a fair reward' for their disobedience and violations.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Ignominy shall be their portion wheresoever they are found save (where they grasp) a rope from Allah and a rope from men. They have incurred anger from their Lord, and wretchedness is laid upon them. That is because they used to disbelieve the revelations of Allah, and slew the Prophets wrongfully. That is because they were rebellious and used to transgress.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Shame is pitched over them (like a tent) wherever they are found except when under a covenant (of protection) from Allah and from men; they draw on themselves wrath from Allah and pitched over them is (the tent of) destitution. This because they rejected the signs of Allah and slew the prophets in defiance of right; this because they rebelled and transgressed beyond bounds. 435 436
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Dhuribat. I think there is a simile from the pitching of a tent. Ordinarily a man's tent is a place of tranquillity and honour for him. The tent of the wicked wherever they are found is ignominy, shame, and humiliation. It is pity from Allah or from men that gives them protection when their pride has a fall. Using the same simile of tent in another way, their home will be destitution and misery.

Cf. iii. 21, n. 363.

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3:113
لَيْسُوا۟ سَوَآءً ۗ مِّنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ أُمَّةٌ قَآئِمَةٌ يَتْلُونَ ءَايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ءَانَآءَ ٱلَّيْلِ وَهُمْ يَسْجُدُونَ Laysoo saw a an min ahli alkit a bi ommatun q a imatun yatloona a y a ti All a hi a n a a allayli wahum yasjudoon a
[But] they are not all alike: among the followers of earlier revelation there are upright people,85 who recite God's messages throughout the night, and prostrate themselves [before Him].
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "an upright community": a reference to those among the followers of the Bible who are truly believers (cf. the last sentence of verse {110} above) and observe the "bond with God and with men" (verse {112}).

Yet they are not all alike: there are some among the People of the Book who are upright, who recite the revelations of Allah all night long and then prostrate before Him;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Yet they are not all alike: there are some among the People of the Book who are upright, who recite Allah's revelations throughout the night, prostrating 'in prayer'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
They are not all alike. Of the People of the Scripture there is a staunch community who recite the revelations of Allah in the night season, falling prostrate (before Him).
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Not all of them are alike: of the People of the book are a portion that stand (for the right); they rehearse the signs of Allah all night long and then prostrate themselves in adoration. 437
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

In Islam we respect sincere faith and true righteousness in accordance with the Qur-An and Sunnah. This verse, according to Commentators, refers to those People of the Book who eventually embraced Islam.

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3:114
يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ وَيُسَـٰرِعُونَ فِى ٱلْخَيْرَٰتِ وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ Yuminoona bi A ll a hi wa a lyawmi al a khiri wayamuroona bi a lmaAAroofi wayanhawna AAani almunkari wayus a riAAoona fee alkhayr a ti waol a ika mina a l ssa li h een a
They believe in God and the Last Day, and enjoin the doing of what is right and forbid the doing of what is wrong, and vie with one another in doing good works: and these are among the righteous.
  - Mohammad Asad
they believe in Allah and the Last Day they enjoin good and forbid evil and rush in emulating each other in good deeds. These are the righteous people.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They believe in Allah and the Last Day, encourage good and forbid evil, and race with one another in doing good. They are 'truly' among the righteous.
  - Mustafa Khattab
They believe in Allah and the Last Day, and enjoin right conduct and forbid indecency, and vie one with another in good works. They are of the righteous.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They believe in Allah and the Last Day; they enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong; and they (hasten in emulation) in (all) good works; they are in the ranks of the righteous.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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3:115
وَمَا يَفْعَلُوا۟ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلَن يُكْفَرُوهُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِٱلْمُتَّقِينَ Wam a yafAAaloo min khayrin falan yukfaroohu wa A ll a hu AAaleemun bi a lmuttaqeen a
And whatever good they do, they shall never be denied the reward thereof: for, God has full knowledge of those who are conscious of Him.
  - Mohammad Asad
Whatever good they do, its reward will not be denied to them; Allah knows the righteous.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will never be denied the reward for any good they have done. And Allah has 'perfect' knowledge of those mindful 'of Him'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And whatever good they do, they will not be denied the meed thereof. Allah is Aware of those who ward off (evil).
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Of the good that they do nothing will be rejected of them; for Allah knoweth well those that do right.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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