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Surah 69. Al-Haqqah

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69:11
إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَا ٱلْمَآءُ حَمَلْنَـٰكُمْ فِى ٱلْجَارِيَةِ Inn a lamm a t agh a alm a o h amaln a kum fee alj a riya ti
[And] behold: when the waters [of Noah's flood] burst beyond all limits, it was We who caused you6 to be borne [to safety] in that floating ark,
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., metonymically (in the consensus of all classical commentators), "your ancestors".

Just consider the great flood of Noah, when the water rose high, We carried you (O mankind) in the floating Ark,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Indeed, when the floodwater had overflowed, We carried you1 in the floating Ark 'with Noah',
  - Mustafa Khattab

 i.e., your ancestors.

Lo! when the waters rose, We carried you upon the ship
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
We when the water (of Noah's flood) overflowed beyond its limits carried you (mankind) in the floating (Ark). 5645
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

It was a widespread Flood. Cf. vii. 59-64: also xi. 25-49. Noah was ridiculed for his preparations for the Flood: see xi. 38, n. 1531. But Allah had commanded him to build an Ark, in order that mankind should be saved from perishing in the Flood. But only those of Faith got into the Ark and were saved. As the Ark was built to Allah's command, Allah "carried you (mankind) in the floating (Ark)".

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69:12
لِنَجْعَلَهَا لَكُمْ تَذْكِرَةً وَتَعِيَهَآ أُذُنٌ وَٰعِيَةٌ LinajAAalah a lakum ta th kiratan wataAAiyah a o th unun w a AAiya tun
so that We might make all this7 a [lasting] reminder to you all, and that every wide-awake ear might consciously take it in.
  - Mohammad Asad

Alluding to the punishment of evildoers and the saving grace bestowed upon the righteous.

that We may make that event a warning for you so that all attentive ears may retain its memory.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
so that We may make this a reminder to you, and that attentive ears may grasp it.
  - Mustafa Khattab
That We might make it a memorial for you, and that remembering ears (that heard the story) might remember.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
That We might make it a message unto you and that ears (that should hear the tale and) retain its memory should bear its (lessons) in remembrance. 5646 5647
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

It was a memorial for all time, to show that evil meets with its punishment, but the good are saved by the mercy of Allah.

Cf. the biblical Phrase, "He that hath ears to hear, let him hear" (Matt. xi. 15). But the phrase used here has a more complicated import. An ear may hear, but for want of will in the hearer the hearer may not wish, for the future or for all time, to retain the memory of the lessons he had heard, even though for the time being he was impressed by it. The penetration of the truth has to be far deeper and subtler, and this is desired here.

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69:13
فَإِذَا نُفِخَ فِى ٱلصُّورِ نَفْخَةٌ وَٰحِدَةٌ Fai tha nufikha fee a l ss oori nafkhatun w ah ida tun
Hence, [bethink yourselves of the Last Hour,] when the trumpet [of judgment] shall be sounded with a single blast,
  - Mohammad Asad
As for the dooms- day, it shall come, when the Trumpet will be blown with a single blast
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
At last, when the Trumpet will be blown with one blast,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And when the trumpet shall sound one blast
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Then when one Blast is sounded on the Trumpet 5648
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

We now come to the Inevitable Event, the Day of Judgment, the theme of this Sura. This is the first Blast referred to in xxxix. 68, n. 4343.

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69:14
وَحُمِلَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ وَٱلْجِبَالُ فَدُكَّتَا دَكَّةً وَٰحِدَةً Wa h umilati alar d u wa a ljib a lu fadukkat a dakkatan w ah ida tan
and the earth and the mountains shall be lifted up and crushed with a single stroke!
  - Mohammad Asad
and the earth with all its mountains will be lifted up and crushed into pieces with a single stroke
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and the earth and mountains will be lifted up and crushed with one blow,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And the earth with the mountains shall be lifted up and crushed with one crash,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And the earth is moved and its mountains and they are crushed to powder at one stroke 5649
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The whole of our visible world, as we now know it, will pass away, and a new world will come into being. The mountains are specially mentioned, because they stand as the type of hardness, size, and durability. They will be "crushed", i.e., lose their form and being at one stroke.

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69:15
فَيَوْمَئِذٍ وَقَعَتِ ٱلْوَاقِعَةُ Fayawmai th in waqaAAati alw a qiAAa tu
And so, that which must come to pass8 will on that Day have come to pass;
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., the end of the world as we know it, followed by resurrection and the Last Judgment.

- On that day the Great Event will come to pass,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
on that Day the Inevitable Event will have come to pass.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Then, on that day will the Event befall.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
On that Day shall the (Great) Event come to pass
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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69:16
وَٱنشَقَّتِ ٱلسَّمَآءُ فَهِىَ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَاهِيَةٌ Wa i nshaqqati a l ssam a o fahiya yawmai th in w a hiya tun
and the sky will be rent asunder9 for, frail will it have become on that Day -;
  - Mohammad Asad

The term as-sama' may denote here "the sky" or "skies", i.e., the visible firmament, or "heaven" in its allegorical sense, or the aggregate of cosmic systems comprised in the concept of "the universe" (cf. surah {2},note [20]).Its being "rent asunder" is perhaps a metaphor for a total breakdown of the cosmic order.

heaven shall split asunder, and the day shall seem flimsy.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
The sky will then be so torn that it will be frail,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And the heaven will split asunder, for that day it will be frail.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And the sky will be rent asunder for it will that Day be flimsy
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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69:17
وَٱلْمَلَكُ عَلَىٰٓ أَرْجَآئِهَا ۚ وَيَحْمِلُ عَرْشَ رَبِّكَ فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ ثَمَـٰنِيَةٌ Wa a lmalaku AAal a arj a ih a waya h milu AAarsha rabbika fawqahum yawmai th in tham a niya tun
and the angels [will appear] at its ends,10 and, above them, eight will bear aloft on that Day the throne of thy Sustainer's almightiness....11
  - Mohammad Asad

Or: "at its sides".

Since God is infinite in space as well as in time, it is obvious that His "throne" ('arsh) has a purely metaphorical connotation, circumscribing His absolute, unfathomable sway over all that exists or possibly could exist (cf. note [43] on 7:54 ). Hence, too, the "bearing aloft" of the throne of His almightiness cannot be anything but a metaphor - namely, an allusion to the full manifestation of that almightiness on the Day of Judgment. The Qur'an is silent as to who or what the "eight" are on whom this manifestation rests. Some of the earliest commentators assume that they are eight angels; others, that they are eight ranks of angels; while still others frankly admit that it is impossible to say whether "eight" or "eight thousand" are meant (Al-Hasan al-Basri, as quoted by Zamakhshari). Possibly, we have here an allusion to eight (unspecified) attributes of God or aspects of His creation; but, as the Qur'an states elsewhere, "none save God knows its final meaning" (see 3:7 and the corresponding note [8]).

The angels will stand all around and eight of them will be carrying the Throne of your Rabb above them.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
with the angels on its sides. On that Day eight 'mighty angels' will bear the Throne of your Lord above them.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And the angels will be on the sides thereof, and eight will uphold the Throne of their Lord that day, above them.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And the angels will be on its sides and eight will that Day bear the Throne of thy Lord above them. 5650 5651
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The whole picture is painted in graphic poetical images, to indicate that which cannot be adequately described in words, and which indeed OUT human faculties with their present limited powers are not ready to comprehend. The angels will be on all sides, arrayed in ranks upon ranks, and the Throne of the Lord on high will be borne by eight angels (or eight rows of angels). That will be the Day when Justice will be fully established and man be mustered to his Lord for reckoning.

The number eight has perhaps no special significance, unless it be with reference to the shape of the Throne or the number of the angels. The Oriental Throne is often octagonal, and its bearers would be one at each corner.

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69:18
يَوْمَئِذٍ تُعْرَضُونَ لَا تَخْفَىٰ مِنكُمْ خَافِيَةٌ Yawmai th in tuAAra d oona l a takhf a minkum kh a fiya tun
On that Day you shall be brought to judgment: not [even] the most hidden of your deeds will remain hidden.
  - Mohammad Asad
That shall be the day when you will be brought before your Rabb, and none of your secrets shall remain hidden.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
You will then be presented 'before Him for judgment', and none of your secrets will stay hidden.
  - Mustafa Khattab
On that day ye will be exposed; not a secret of you will be hidden.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
That Day shall ye be brought to Judgment: not an act of yours that ye hide will be hidden.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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69:19
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـٰبَهُۥ بِيَمِينِهِۦ فَيَقُولُ هَآؤُمُ ٱقْرَءُوا۟ كِتَـٰبِيَهْ Faamm a man ootiya kit a bahu biyameenihi fayaqoolu h a omu iqraoo kit a biyah
Now as for him whose record shall be placed in his right hand,12 he will exclaim: "Come you all! Read this my record!
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., whose record shows that he was righteous in his life on earth: cf. 17:71 , as well as the symbolic expression "those on the right hand" in 74:39 . The linguistic origin of the symbolism of "right" and "left" as "righteous" and "unrighteous" is explained in note [3] on {56:8-9}.

Then he, who will be given his Book of Deeds in his right hand, will say: "Here it is, read my Book of deeds!"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
As for those given their records in their right hand, they will cry 'happily', 'Here 'everyone'! Read my record!
  - Mustafa Khattab
Then, as for him who is given his record in his right hand, he will say: Take, read my book!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Then he that will be given his Record in his right hand will say: "Ah here! read ye my Record! 5652
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. xvii. 71, where the righteous are described as those who are given their record in their right hand at Judgment. In lvi. 27, 38, and other passages, the righteous are called "Companions of the Right Hand".

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69:20
إِنِّى ظَنَنتُ أَنِّى مُلَـٰقٍ حِسَابِيَهْ Innee th anantu annee mul a qin h is a biyah
Behold, I did know that [one day] I would have to face my account!"13
  - Mohammad Asad

Implying that he had always been conscious of resurrection and judgment, and had tried to behave accordingly.

I knew that I would certainly face my reckoning."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
I surely knew I would face my reckoning.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Surely I knew that I should have to meet my reckoning.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"I did really understand that my Account would (one Day) reach me!" 5653
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The righteous one rejoices that the faith he had during this world's life was fully justified, and is now actually realised before him. He quite understood and believed that good and evil must meet with their due consequences in the Hereafter, however much appearances may have been against it in the life in the lower world, "in the days that are gone".

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69:21
فَهُوَ فِى عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ Fahuwa fee AAeeshatin r ad iya tin
And so he will find himself in a happy state of life,
  - Mohammad Asad
So he will have a life of pleasure,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will be in a life of bliss,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Then he will be in blissful state
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And he will be in a life of Bliss
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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69:22
فِى جَنَّةٍ عَالِيَةٍ Fee jannatin AA a liya tin
in a lofty paradise,
  - Mohammad Asad
in a lofty garden,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
in an elevated Garden,
  - Mustafa Khattab
In a high Garden
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
In a Garden on high
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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69:23
قُطُوفُهَا دَانِيَةٌ Qu t oofuh a d a niya tun
with its fruits within easy reach.
  - Mohammad Asad
with clusters of fruit within his reach.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
whose fruit will hang within reach.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Whereof the clusters are in easy reach.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The Fruits whereof (will hang in bunches) low and near. 5654
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The description is that of ripe, luscious grapes, hanging low in heavy bunches, so near that they could be gathered and enjoyed in dignified ease. Cf. also lv. 54; lxxvi. 14.

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69:24
كُلُوا۟ وَٱشْرَبُوا۟ هَنِيٓـًٔۢا بِمَآ أَسْلَفْتُمْ فِى ٱلْأَيَّامِ ٱلْخَالِيَةِ Kuloo wa i shraboo haneean bim a aslaftum fee alayy a mi alkh a liya ti
[And all who are thus blest will be told:] "Eat and drink with good cheer in return for all [the good deeds] that you have sent ahead in days gone by!"
  - Mohammad Asad
We shall say to him: "Eat and drink to your hearts content; this is a reward for what you did in the days gone by."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'They will be told,' 'Eat and drink joyfully for what you did in the days gone by.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
(And it will be said unto those therein): Eat and drink at ease for that which ye sent on before you in past days.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Eat ye and drink ye with full satisfaction; because of the (good) that ye sent before you in the days that are gone!" 5655 5656
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. ii. 110: "Whatever good ye send forth for your souls before you, ye shall find it with Allah: for Allah sees well all that ye do."

It will be a wholly new world, a new earth and a new heaven, when the blessed might well think with calm relief of "the days that are gone". Cf- xiv. 48, and n. 1925. Even Time and Space will be no more, so that any ideas that we may form here will be found to have become wholly obsolete by then.

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69:25
وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـٰبَهُۥ بِشِمَالِهِۦ فَيَقُولُ يَـٰلَيْتَنِى لَمْ أُوتَ كِتَـٰبِيَهْ Waamm a man ootiya kit a bahu bishim a lihi fayaqoolu y a laytanee lam oota kit a biyah
But as for him whose record shall be placed in his left hand,14 he will exclaim: "Oh, would that I had never been shown this my record,
  - Mohammad Asad

Thus signifying that he had been unrighteous in his earthly life, in contrast with those "whose record will be placed in their right hand" (see verse {19} and note [12] above).

While he, who will be given his Book of Deeds in his left hand, will say: "Woe to me, would that I had not been given my Book of Deeds
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And as for those given their record in their left hand, they will cry 'bitterly', 'I wish I had not been given my record,
  - Mustafa Khattab
But as for him who is given his record in his left hand, he will say: Oh, would that I had not been given my book
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And he that will be given his Record in his left hand will say: "Ah! would that my record had not been given to me! 5657
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

This is in contrast to the righteous ones who will receive their record in their right hand. Cf. lxix. 19, n. 5652. The righteous are glad when they remember their past: their memory is itself a precious possession. The unjust are in agony when they remember their past. Their memory is itself a grievous punishment.

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69:26
وَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا حِسَابِيَهْ Walam adri m a h is a biyah
and neither known this my account!
  - Mohammad Asad
nor known what my account was!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
nor known anything of my reckoning!
  - Mustafa Khattab
And knew not what my reckoning!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"And that I had never realized how my account (stood)!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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69:27
يَـٰلَيْتَهَا كَانَتِ ٱلْقَاضِيَةَ Y a laytah a k a nati alq ad iya tu
Oh, would that this [death of mine] had been the end of me!
  - Mohammad Asad
Would that my death had ended all!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
I wish death was the end!
  - Mustafa Khattab
Oh, would that it had been death!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Ah! would that (Death) had made an end of me! 5658
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The death as from this life was but a transition into a new world. They would wish that that death had been the end of all things, but it will not be.

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69:28
مَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنِّى مَالِيَهْ ۜ M a aghn a AAannee m a liyah
Of no avail to me is all that I have [ever] possessed,
  - Mohammad Asad
My wealth had availed me nothing,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
My wealth has not benefited me!
  - Mustafa Khattab
My wealth hath not availed me,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Of no profit to me has been my wealth!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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69:29
هَلَكَ عَنِّى سُلْطَـٰنِيَهْ Halaka AAannee sul ta niyah
[and] all my power of argument has died away from me!"15
  - Mohammad Asad

The term sultan, which primarily signifies "power" or "authority", has here - as in many other places in the Qur'an - evidently the meaning of "argument", synonymous with hujjah (Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, all of them quoted by Tabari): in this case, an argument or arguments against the idea of life after death and, hence, of divine judgment.

and my authority has gone away from me."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
My authority has been stripped from me.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
My power hath gone from me.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"My power has perished from me!"... 5659
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The intensest agony is when the soul loses power over itself, when the personality tries to realise itself in new conditions and cannot: this is life in death.

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69:30
خُذُوهُ فَغُلُّوهُ Khu th oohu faghullooh u
[Thereupon the command will go forth:] "Lay hold of him, and shackle him,16
  - Mohammad Asad

For an explanation of the allegory of "shackles", see note [13] on 13:5 , note [44] on the last but one sentence of 34:33 , and notes [6] and [7] on 36:8 .

We shall say: "Seize him and put a chain around his neck,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'It will be said,' 'Seize and shackle them,
  - Mustafa Khattab
(It will be said): Take him and fetter him
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
(The stern command will say): "Seize ye him and bind ye him 5660
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Perhaps the word for 'bind' should be construed: 'bind his hands round his neck, to remind him that his hands when they were free were closed to all acts of charity and mercy': Cf. xvii. 29.

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