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Surah 85. Al-Buruj

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85:16
فَعَّالٌ لِّمَا يُرِيدُ FaAAAA a lun lim a yureed u
a sovereign doer of whatever He wills.
  - Mohammad Asad
and the executor of His own will.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Doer of whatever He wills.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Doer of what He will.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Doer (without let) of all that He intends. 6062
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah's Will is itself the Word and the Deed. There is no interval between them. He does not change His mind. No circumstances whatever can come between His Will and the execution thereof. Such are His Power and His Glory. Compare it with that of men, described in the next two verses.

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85:17
هَلْ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ٱلْجُنُودِ Hal at a ka h adeethu aljunood i
HAS IT ever come within thy ken, the story of the [sinful] hosts
  - Mohammad Asad
Have you not heard the story of the warriors
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Has the story of the 'destroyed' forces reached you 'O Prophet'-
  - Mustafa Khattab
Hath there come unto thee the story of the hosts
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Has the story reached thee of the Forces 6063
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

In contrast to the real, all-embracing, and eternal power of Allah, what are the forces of man at their best? Two examples are mentioned. (1) Pharaoh was a proud monarch of a powerful kingdom, with resources and organisation, material, moral, and intellectual, as good as any in the world. When he pitted himself against Allah's Prophet, he and his forces were destroyed. See lxxix. 15-26. (2) The Thamud were great builders, and had a high standard of material civilization. But they defied the law of Allah and perished. See vii. 73-79, and n. 1043.

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85:18
فِرْعَوْنَ وَثَمُودَ FirAAawna wathamood a
of Pharaoh, and of [the tribe of] Thamud?9
  - Mohammad Asad

Sc., "both of which were destroyed because of their sins". The story of Pharaoh and his forces, and their destruction by drowning, is referred to many times in the Qur'an; for the story of the Thamud see, in particular, 7:73 ff. and the corresponding notes [56-62].

of Fir'on (Pharaoh) and of Thamud?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'the forces of' Pharaoh and Thamûd?
  - Mustafa Khattab
Of Pharaoh and (the tribe of) Thamud?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Of Pharaoh and the Thamud?
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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85:19
بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فِى تَكْذِيبٍ Bali alla th eena kafaroo fee tak th eeb in
And yet, they who are bent on denying the truth persist in giving it the lie:
  - Mohammad Asad
Yet the unbelievers persist in denying the truth,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Yet the disbelievers 'still' persist in denial.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Nay, but those who disbelieve live in denial
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And yet the Unbelievers (persist) in rejecting (the Truth)! 6064
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

In spite of the great examples of the past, by which human might and skill were shown to have availed nothing when the law of Allah was broken, the unbelievers persist (in all ages) in defying that law. But Allah will know how to deal with them.

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85:20
وَٱللَّهُ مِن وَرَآئِهِم مُّحِيطٌۢ Wa A ll a hu min war a ihim mu h ee t un
but all the while God encompasses them [with His knowledge and might] without their being aware of it.10
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "from behind them", an idiomatic phrase denoting a happening imperceptible to those whom it closely concerns.

although Allah has encircled them from all around.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But Allah encompasses them from all sides.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And Allah, all unseen, surroundeth them.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But Allah doth encompass them from behind! 6065
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah encompasses every thing. But the wicked will find themselves defeated not only in conditions that they foresee, but from all sorts of unexpected directions, perhaps from behind them, i.e., from the very people or circumstances which in their blindness they despised or thought of as helping them.

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85:21
بَلْ هُوَ قُرْءَانٌ مَّجِيدٌ Bal huwa qur a nun majeed un
Nay, but this [divine writ which they reject] is a discourse sublime,
  - Mohammad Asad
Surely this is a Glorious Qur'an,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
In fact, this is a glorious Quran,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Nay, but it is a glorious Qur'an
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Nay this is a Glorious Qur'an
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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85:22
فِى لَوْحٍ مَّحْفُوظٍۭ Fee law h in ma h foo th in
upon an imperishable tablet [inscribed].11
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "upon a well-guarded tablet (lawh mahfuz)" - a description of the Qur'an to be found only in this one instance. Although some commentators take it in its literal sense and understand by it an actual "heavenly tablet" upon which the Qur'an is inscribed since all eternity, to many others the phrase has always had a metaphorical meaning: namely, an allusion to the imperishable quality of this divine writ. This interpretation is pointedly mentioned as justified by, e.g., Tabari, Baghawi, Razi or Ibn Kathir, all of whom agree that the phrase "upon a well-guarded tablet" relates to God's promise that the Qur'an would never be corrupted, and would remain free of all arbitrary additions, diminutions and textual changes. See in this connection also 15:9 and the corresponding note [10].

inscribed on an Imperishable Tablet.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'recorded' in a Preserved Tablet.
  - Mustafa Khattab
On a guarded tablet.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
(Inscribed) in a Tablet Preserved! 6066
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

"Inscribed in a Tablet Preserved", i.e. Allah's Message is not ephemeral. It is eternal. The "Tablet" is "preserved" or guarded from corruption: xv. 9: for Allah's Message must endure for ever. That Message is the "Mother of the book": see n. 347 to iii. 7.

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Al-Buruj

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Al-Buruj

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