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Surah 20. Ta-Ha

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20:26
وَيَسِّرْ لِىٓ أَمْرِى Wayassir lee amree
and make my task easy for me,
  - Mohammad Asad
ease my task
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and make my task easy,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And ease my task for me;
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Ease my task for me;
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:27
وَٱحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِّن لِّسَانِى Wa o h lul AAuqdatan min lis a nee
and loosen the knot from my tongue
  - Mohammad Asad
and remove the impediment from my speech
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and remove the impediment from my tongue
  - Mustafa Khattab
And loose a knot from my tongue,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"And remove the impediment from my speech. 2553
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Literally, "Loosen a knot from my tongue".

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20:28
يَفْقَهُوا۟ قَوْلِى Yafqahoo qawlee
so that they might fully understand my speech,17
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., "remove all impediment from my speech" (cf. Exodus iv, 10, "I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue"), which would imply that he was not gifted with natural eloquence.

so that people may understand what I say
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
so people may understand my speech,1
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Moses (ﷺ) put a brand of fire in his mouth, which hindered his speech as he grew up. In this verse, he prays to Allah to help him speak clearly, and his prayer is answered.

That they may understand my saying.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"So they may understand what I say:
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:29
وَٱجْعَل لِّى وَزِيرًا مِّنْ أَهْلِى Wa i jAAal lee wazeeran min ahlee
and appoint for me, out of my kinsfolk, one who will help me to bear my burden:18
  - Mohammad Asad

This is the primary meaning of the term wazir (lit., "burden-carrier", derived from wizr, "a burden"); hence its later - post-classical - application to government ministers.

and grant me a minister from my family;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and grant me a helper from my family,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Appoint for me a henchman from my folk,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"And give me a Minister from my family
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:30
هَـٰرُونَ أَخِى H a roona akhee
Aaron, my brother.
  - Mohammad Asad
Haroon my brother.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Aaron, my brother.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Aaron, my brother.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Aaron my brother;
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:31
ٱشْدُدْ بِهِۦٓ أَزْرِى Oshdud bihi azree
Add Thou through him to my strength,
  - Mohammad Asad
Grant me strength through him
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Strengthen me through him,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Confirm my strength with him.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Add to my strength through him 2554
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Literally, "Strengthen my back with him". A man's strength lies in his back and backbone so that he can stand erect and boldly face his tasks.

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20:32
وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِىٓ أَمْرِى Waashrikhu fee amree
and let him share my task,
  - Mohammad Asad
and let him share my task,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and let him share my task,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And let him share my task,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"And make him share my task:
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:33
كَىْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيرًا Kay nusabbi h aka katheer a n
so that [together] we might abundantly extol Thy limitless glory
  - Mohammad Asad
so that we may glorify You frequently
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
so that we may glorify You much
  - Mustafa Khattab
That we may glorify Thee much.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"That we may celebrate Thy praise without stint 2555
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The requests that Moses makes are inspired, not by earthly but by spiritual motives. The motive, expressed in the most general terms, is to glorify Allah, not in an occasional way, but systematically and continuously, "without stint". "The clauses in this verse and the next, taken together, govern all the requests he makes, from verse 25 to verse 32.

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20:34
وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيرًا Wana th kuraka katheer a n
and remember Thee without cease!19
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "much" or "abundantly".

and mention You often;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and remember You much,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And much remember Thee.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"And remember Thee without stint:
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:35
إِنَّكَ كُنتَ بِنَا بَصِيرًا Innaka kunta bin a ba s eer a n
Verily. Thou seest all that is within us!"
  - Mohammad Asad
for You are the One Who has always been watching over us."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
for truly You have 'always' been overseeing us.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! Thou art ever Seeing us.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
For Thou art He that (ever) regardeth us." 2556
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The celebration of Allah's praise and remembrance is one form of showing gratitude on the part of Moses for the Grace which Allah has bestowed upon him.

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20:36
قَالَ قَدْ أُوتِيتَ سُؤْلَكَ يَـٰمُوسَىٰ Q a la qad ooteeta sulaka y a moos a
Said He: "Thou art granted all that thou hast asked for, O Moses!
  - Mohammad Asad
Allah responded: "Your request is granted, O Musa.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Allah responded, 'All that you requested has been granted, O Moses!
  - Mustafa Khattab
He said: Thou art granted thy request, O Moses.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
(Allah) said: "Granted is thy prayer O Moses!"
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:37
وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَىٰٓ Walaqad manann a AAalayka marratan okhr a
"And, indeed, We bestowed Our favour upon thee at a time long since past,20
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "at another time", i.e., the time of Moses' childhood and youth, which is recalled in verses {38-40}. For a fuller explanation of the subsequent references to that period - the Pharaonic persecution of the children of Israel and the killing of their new-born males, the rescue of the infant Moses and his adoption by Pharaoh's family, his killing of the Egyptian, and his subsequent flight from Egypt-see {28:3-21}, where the story is narrated in greater detail.

We had indeed bestowed a favor on you before,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And surely We had shown You favour before,
  - Mustafa Khattab
And indeed, another time, already We have shown thee favor,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"And indeed We conferred a favor on thee another time (before).
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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20:38
إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَىٰٓ أُمِّكَ مَا يُوحَىٰٓ I th aw h ayn a il a ommika m a yoo ha
when We inspired thy mother with this inspiration:
  - Mohammad Asad
when We revealed Our will to your mother saying:
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
when We inspired your mother with this:
  - Mustafa Khattab
When We inspired in thy mother that which is inspired,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Behold! We sent to thy mother by inspiration the message: 2557
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The story is not told, but only those salient points recapitulated which bear on the upbringing and work of Moses. Long after the age of Joseph, who had been a Wazir to one of the Pharaohs, there came on the throne of Egypt a Pharaoh who hated the Israelites and wanted them annihilated. He ordered Israelite male children to be killed when they were born. Moses's mother hid him for a time, but when further concealment was impossible, a thought came into her mind that she should put her child into a chest and send the chest floating down the Nile. This was not merely a foolish fancy of hers. It was Allah's Plan to bring up Moses in all the learning of the Egyptians, in order that that learning itself should be used to expose what was wrong in it and to advance the glory of Allah. The chest was floated into the river Nile. It flowed on into a stream that passed through Pharaoh's Garden. It was picked up by Pharaoh's people and the child was adopted by Pharaoh's wife. See xxviii. 4-13.

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20:39
أَنِ ٱقْذِفِيهِ فِى ٱلتَّابُوتِ فَٱقْذِفِيهِ فِى ٱلْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ ٱلْيَمُّ بِٱلسَّاحِلِ يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِّى وَعَدُوٌّ لَّهُۥ ۚ وَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِّنِّى وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَىٰ عَيْنِىٓ Ani iq th ifeehi fee a l tt a booti fa i q th ifeehi fee alyammi falyulqihi alyammu bi al ss ah ili yakhu th hu AAaduwwun lee waAAaduwwun lahu waalqaytu AAalayka ma h abbatan minnee walitu s naAAa AAal a AAaynee
'Place him in a chest and throw it into the river, and thereupon the river will cast him ashore, [and] one who is an enemy unto Me and an enemy unto him will adopt him.21 "And [thus early] I spread Mine Own love over thee - and [this] in order that thou might be formed under Mine eye.22
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "take him" (cf. 28:9 ). Pharaoh is described as an enemy of God because of his overweening arrogance and cruelty as well as his claim to the status of divinity (see 79:24 ); and he was, unknowingly, an enemy of the infant Moses inasmuch as he hated and feared the people to whom the latter belonged.

I.e., "under My protection and in accordance with the destiny which I have decreed for thee": possibly a reference to Moses' upbringing within the cultural environment of the royal palace and his subsequent acquisition of the ancient wisdom of Egypt - circumstances which were to qualify him for his future leadership and the special mission that God had in view for him.

'Put your child into the chest and throw the chest into the river. The river will cast him on to the bank and he will be picked up by one who is an enemy to Me and an enemy to him'. I made you an object of love and so arranged things that you may be brought up under My supervision.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'Put him into a chest, then put it into the river. The river will wash it ashore, and he will be taken by 'Pharaoh,' an enemy of Mine and his.' And I blessed you with lovability from Me1 'O Moses' so that you would be brought up under My 'watchful' Eye.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 In other words, Allah made Moses a likeable person so Pharaoh and his wife would agree to keep him.

Saying: Throw him into the ark, and throw it into the river, then the river shall throw it on to the bank, and there an enemy to Me and an enemy to him shall take him. And I endued thee with love from Me that thou mightest be trained according to My will,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
" `Throw (the child) into the chest and throw (the chest) into the river: the river will cast him up on the bank and he will be taken up by one who is an enemy to Me and an enemy to him': but I cast (the garment of) love over thee from Me: and (this) in order that thou mayest be reared under Mine eye. 2558 2559 2560
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Pharaoh was an enemy to Allah, because he was puffed up and he blasphemed, claiming to be God himself. He was an enemy to the child Moses, because he hated the Israelites and wanted to have their male children killed; also because Moses stood for Allah's revelation to come.

Allah made the child comely and lovable, and he attracted the love of the very people who, on general grounds, would have killed him.

See n. 2558 above. By making the child Moses so attractive as to be adopted into Pharaoh's household, not only was Moses brought up in the best way possible from an earthly point of view, but Allah's special Providence looked after him in bringing his mother to him, as stated in the next verse, and thus nourishing him on his mother's milk and keeping him in touch with his family.

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20:40
إِذْ تَمْشِىٓ أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ مَن يَكْفُلُهُۥ ۖ فَرَجَعْنَـٰكَ إِلَىٰٓ أُمِّكَ كَىْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَلَا تَحْزَنَ ۚ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا فَنَجَّيْنَـٰكَ مِنَ ٱلْغَمِّ وَفَتَنَّـٰكَ فُتُونًا ۚ فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِىٓ أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ ثُمَّ جِئْتَ عَلَىٰ قَدَرٍ يَـٰمُوسَىٰ I th tamshee okhtuka fataqoolu hal adullukum AAal a man yakfuluhu farajaAAn a ka il a ommika kay taqarra AAaynuh a wal a ta h zana waqatalta nafsan fanajjayn a ka mina alghammi wafatann a ka futoonan falabithta sineena fee ahli madyana thumma jita AAal a qadarin y a moos a
"[And thou wert under Mine eye] when thy sister went forth and said [to Pharaoh's people], 'Shall I guide you unto [a woman] who might take charge of him?23 And so We returned thee unto thy mother, so that her eye be gladdened, and that she might not sorrow [any longer].24 "And [when thou camest of age,25 ] thou didst slay a man: but We did save thee from all grief, although We tried thee with various trials.26 "And then thou didst sojourn for years among the people of Madyan;27 and now thou hast come [here] as ordained [by Me], O Moses:
  - Mohammad Asad

For a fuller account, see 28:12 .

As is implied here and in {28:12-13}, his own mother became his wet-nurse.

Cf. 28:14 .

For the details of this particular incident, which proved a turning-point in the life of Moses, see {28:15-21}.

See {28:22-28}.

Recall when your sister went to them and said: `May I tell you of the one who can take care of this child?' Thus did We return you back to your mother to comfort her eyes and that she might not grieve. Again when you killed a man, We saved you from great distress and We tested you through various trials. You stayed a number of years with the people of Median. Now you have come here per Our pre-estimation, O Musa.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'Remember' when your sister came along and proposed, 'Shall I direct you to someone who will nurse him?'1 So We reunited you with your mother so that her heart would be put at ease, and she would not grieve. 'Later' you killed a man 'by mistake', but We saved you from sorrow, as well as other tests We put you through. Then you stayed for a number of years among the people of Midian. Then you came here as pre-destined, O Moses!
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Moses had refused all wet-nurses that were brought for him.

When thy sister went and said: Shall I show you one who will nurse him? and We restored thee to thy mother that her eyes might be refreshed and might not sorrow. And thou didst kill a man and We delivered thee from great distress, and tried thee with a heavy trial. And thou didst tarry years among the folk of Midian. Then comest thou (hither) by (My) providence, O Moses,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Behold! thy sister goeth forth and saith `Shall I show you one who will nurse and rear the (child)?' So We brought thee back to thy mother that her eye might be cooled and she should not grieve. Then thou didst slay a man but We saved thee from trouble and We tried thee in various ways. Then didst thou tarry a number of years with the people of Midian. Then didst thou come hither as ordained O Moses! 2561 2562 2563 2564
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

We may suppose that the anxious mother, after the child was floated on the water, sent the child's sister to follow the chest from the bank and see where and by whom it was picked up. When it was picked up by Pharaoh's own family and they seemed to love the child, she appeared like a stranger before them, and said, "Shall I search out a good wet-nurse for the child, that she may rear the child you are going to adopt?" That was exactly what they wanted. She ran home and told her mother. The mother was delighted to come and fold the infant in her arms again and feed it at her own breast, and all openly and without any concealment.

The mother's eyes had, we may imagine, been sore with scalding tears at the separation from her baby. Now they were cooled: a phrase meaning that her heart was comforted.

Years passed. The child grew up. In outward learning he was of the house of Pharaoh. In his inner soul and sympathy he was of Israel. One day, he went to the Israelite colony and saw all the Egyptian oppression under which Israel laboured. He saw an Egyptian smiting an Israelite, apparently with impunity. Moses felt brotherly sympathy and smote the Egyptian. He did not intend to kill him, but in fact the Egyptian died of the blow. When this became known, his position in Pharaoh's household became impossible. So he fled out of Egypt, and was only saved by Allah's grace. He fled to the Sinai Peninsula, to the land of the Midianites, and had various adventures. He married one of the daughters of the Midianite chief, and lived with the Medianites for many years, as an Egyptian stranger. He had many trials and temptations, but he retained his integrity of character.

See last note. After many years spent in a quiet life, grazing his father-in-law's flocks, he came one day to the valley of Tuwa underneath the great mountain mass of Sinai, called Tur (in Arabic). The peak on the Arabian side (where Moses was) was called Horeb by the Hebrews. Then was fulfilled Allah's Plan: he saw the fire in the distance, and when he went up, he was addressed by Allah and chosen to be Allah's Messenger for that age.

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