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Surah 23. Al-Muminun

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23:111
إِنِّى جَزَيْتُهُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ بِمَا صَبَرُوٓا۟ أَنَّهُمْ هُمُ ٱلْفَآئِزُونَ Innee jazaytuhumu alyawma bim a s abaroo annahum humu alf a izoon a
[But,] behold, today I have rewarded them for their patience in adversity: verily, it is they, they who have achieved a triumph!"
  - Mohammad Asad
Today I have rewarded them for their fortitude, and they are the ones who have achieved bliss."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Today I have indeed rewarded them for their perseverance: they are certainly the triumphant.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! I have rewarded them this day forasmuch as they were steadfast; and they verily are the triumphant.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"I have rewarded them this day for their patience and constancy: they are indeed the ones that have achieved Bliss..."
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:112
قَـٰلَ كَمْ لَبِثْتُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ عَدَدَ سِنِينَ Q a la kam labithtum fee alar d i AAadada sineen a
[And] He will ask [the doomed]: "What number of years have you spent on earth?"
  - Mohammad Asad
They will be asked: "How many years did you live on earth?"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
He will ask 'them', 'How many years did you remain on earth?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
He will say: How long tarried ye in the earth, counting by years?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
He will say: "What number of years did ye stay on earth?" 2948
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Hafs reading is "Qala", "He will say". This follows the Kufa Qiraat. The Basra Qiraat reads "Qul", "Say" (in the imperative). The point is only one of grammatical construction. See n. 2666 to xxi. 4.

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23:113
قَالُوا۟ لَبِثْنَا يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ فَسْـَٔلِ ٱلْعَآدِّينَ Q a loo labithn a yawman aw baAA d a yawmin fa i sali alAA a ddeen a
They will answer: "We have spent there a day, or part of a day; but ask those who [are able to]count [time] . "66
  - Mohammad Asad

This part of the allegorical "dialogue" between God and the doomed sinners touches (as do several other verses of the Qur’an) upon the illusory, problematical character of "time" as conceived by man, and the comparative irrelevancy of the life of this world within the context of the ultimate - perhaps timeless - reality known only to God. The disappearance, upon resurrection, of man’s earth-bound concept of time is indicated by the helpless answer, "ask those who are able to count time".

They will reply: "We lived there a day or part of a day; You may ask those who kept the count."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will reply, 'We remained 'only' a day or part of a day.1 But ask those who kept count.'
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Compared to the length and misery of their stay in the grave and Hell, their worldly life will seem very short to them.

They will say: We tarried but a day or part of a day. Ask of those who keep count!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They will say: "We stayed a day or part of a day: but ask those who keep account." 2949
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The question and answer about Time imply two things. (1) The attention of the ungodly is drawn to the extremely short time of the life in this world, compared to the eternity which they face: they are made to see this, and to realise how mistaken they were in their comparative valuation of things spiritual and things material. (2) Time, as we know it now, will have faded away and appear as almost nothing. It is just a matter relative to this life of temporary probation. Cf. the experience of the Companions of the Cave: xviii. 19.

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23:114
قَـٰلَ إِن لَّبِثْتُمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا ۖ لَّوْ أَنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ Q a la in labithtum ill a qaleelan law annakum kuntum taAAlamoon a
[Whereupon] He will say: "You have spent there but a short while: had you but known [how short it was to be]!
  - Mohammad Asad
It will be said: "Well, now you know that your stay was just a little while - what a pity, you did not believe it then!"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
He will say, 'You only remained for a little while, if only you knew.
  - Mustafa Khattab
He will say: Ye tarried but a little if ye only knew.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
He will say: "Ye stayed not but a little if ye had only known!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:115
أَفَحَسِبْتُمْ أَنَّمَا خَلَقْنَـٰكُمْ عَبَثًا وَأَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْنَا لَا تُرْجَعُونَ Afa h asibtum annam a khalaqn a kum AAabathan waannakum ilayn a l a turjaAAoon a
Did you, then, think that We created you in mere idle play, and that you would not have to return to Us?"67
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "that you would not be brought back to Us", i.e., for judgment.

Did you think that We had created you without any purpose and that you would never return to Us for accountability?"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Did you then think that We had created you without purpose, and that you would never be returned to Us?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Deemed ye then that We had created you for naught, and that ye would not be returned unto Us?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Did ye then think that We had created you in jest and that ye would not be brought back to Us (for account)?" 2950
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah's Creation is not without a high serious purpose. It is not vain, or for mere play or sport. As far as man is concerned, the highest issues for him hang on his behaviour in this life. "Life is real, life is earnest, And the grave is not its goal", as Longfellow truly says. We must therefore earnestly search out Allah's Truth, encouraged by the fact that Allah's Truth is also, out of His unbounded mercy, searching us out and trying to reach us.

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23:116
فَتَعَـٰلَى ٱللَّهُ ٱلْمَلِكُ ٱلْحَقُّ ۖ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ رَبُّ ٱلْعَرْشِ ٱلْكَرِيمِ FataAA a l a All a hu almaliku al h aqqu l a il a ha ill a huwa rabbu alAAarshi alkareem i
KNOW, then. [thatl God is sublimely exalted. the Ultimate Sovereign, the Ultimate Truth:68 there is no deity save Him, the Sustainer, in bountiful almightiness enthroned!69
  - Mohammad Asad

See surah {20}, note [99].

Lit., "the Sustainer (rabb) of the bountiful throne of almightiness (al-'arsh al-karim)". See also surah {7}, note [43], for an explanation of my rendering of al-'arsh as "the throne of [His] almightiness".

Therefore, exalted be Allah, the Real King; there is no god but Him, the Lord of the Honorable Throne.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Exalted is Allah, the True King! There is no god 'worthy of worship' except Him, the Lord of the Honourable Throne.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Now Allah be exalted, the True King! There is no God save Him, the Lord of the Throne of Grace.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Therefore exalted be Allah the King the Reality; there is no god but He the Lord of the Throne of Honor!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:117
وَمَن يَدْعُ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَـٰهًا ءَاخَرَ لَا بُرْهَـٰنَ لَهُۥ بِهِۦ فَإِنَّمَا حِسَابُهُۥ عِندَ رَبِّهِۦٓ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُفْلِحُ ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَ Waman yadAAu maAAa All a hi il a han a khara l a burh a na lahu bihi fainnam a h is a buhu AAinda rabbihi innahu l a yufli h u alk a firoon a
Hence, he who invokes, side by side with God, any other deity [ - a deity] for whose existence he has no evidence - shall but find his reckoning with his Sustainer: [and,] verily, such deniers of the truth will never attain to a happy state!
  - Mohammad Asad
Whoever invokes another god besides Allah - about whose divinity he has no proof -he will have to give an account to his Rabb. Surely such unbelievers will never attain salvation.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Whoever invokes, besides Allah, another god- for which they can have no proof- they will surely find their penalty with their Lord. Indeed, the disbelievers will never succeed.
  - Mustafa Khattab
He who crieth unto any other god along with Allah hath no proof thereof. His reckoning is only with his Lord. Lo! disbelievers will not be successful.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
If anyone invokes besides Allah any other god he has no authority therefor; and his reckoning will be only with his Lord! And verily the Unbelievers will fail to win through! 2951 2952
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Not with any one else whatever, as Allah is the Eternal Reality. If men, out of the figments of their imagination, fancy other gods, they will be rudely undeceived. And Allah is Lord, i.e., our Cherisher as well as our Creator. In spite of all our shortcomings and our rebellions, He will forgive us if we go to Him not on our merits but on His grace.

See the same word used in describing the contrast with the Believers, in the first verse of this Sura. Righteousness must win and all opposition to it must fail. Thus the circle of the argument is completed.

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23:118
وَقُل رَّبِّ ٱغْفِرْ وَٱرْحَمْ وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ ٱلرَّٰحِمِينَ Waqul rabbi ighfir wa i r h am waanta khayru a l rr ah imeen a
Hence, [O believer,] say: "O my Sustainer! Grant [me] forgiveness and bestow Thy mercy [upon mel: for Thou art the truest bestower of mercy!"
  - Mohammad Asad
Say: "O Rabb, forgive, have Mercy, You are the Best of those who show mercy!"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Say, 'O Prophet,' 'My Lord! Forgive and have mercy, for You are the best of those who show mercy.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
And (O Muhammad) say: My Lord! Forgive and have mercy, for Thou art best of all who show mercy.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
So say: "O my Lord! grant thou forgiveness and mercy! for Thou art the Best of those who show mercy!"
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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