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Surah 23. Al-Muminun

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23:76
وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَـٰهُم بِٱلْعَذَابِ فَمَا ٱسْتَكَانُوا۟ لِرَبِّهِمْ وَمَا يَتَضَرَّعُونَ Walaqad akha th n a hum bi a lAAa tha bi fam a istak a noo lirabbihim wam a yata d arraAAoon a
And, indeed, We tested them46 through suffering, but they did not abase themselves before their Sustainer; and they will never humble themselves
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "We took them to task".

for even now, when We have inflicted punishment on them, they have neither submitted to their Rabb nor humbled themselves towards Him.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And We have already seized them with torment, but they never humbled themselves to their Lord, nor did they 'submissively' appeal 'to Him'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Already have We grasped them with punishment, but they humble not themselves unto their Lord, nor do they pray,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
We inflicted Punishment on them but they humbled not themselves to their Lord nor do they submissively entreat (Him)! 2922
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Some Commentators understand the battle of Badr to be meant here; if so, this particular verse would be of the Madinah period. But it is better to understand it as referring to the same "distress" as in the preceding verse, or to punishments in general, which obstinate sinners refuse to take as warnings given to them to mend their ways and turn in repentance to Allah.

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23:77
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَابًا ذَا عَذَابٍ شَدِيدٍ إِذَا هُمْ فِيهِ مُبْلِسُونَ H att a i tha fata h n a AAalayhim b a ban tha AAa tha bin shadeedin i tha hum feehi mublisoon a
until We open before them a gate of [truly] severe suffering [in the life to come]: and then, lo! they will be broken in spirit47
  - Mohammad Asad

Or: "they will despair of all hope".

Until when We open upon them a gate of severe punishment, you will see that they are plunged in utter despair.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But as soon as We open for them a gate of severe punishment, they will be utterly desperate.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Until, when We open for them the gate of extreme punishment, behold! they are aghast thereat.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Until We open on them a gate leading to a severe Punishment: then Lo! they will be plunged in despair therein! 2923
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. vi. 44. If the little trials in the present life will not open their eyes, will great trials do so? Unfortunately they only cause in the wicked a feeling of despair. In the final Punishment after the Judgment, it will be too late for them to repent, and despair will be their only lot.

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23:78
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنشَأَ لَكُمُ ٱلسَّمْعَ وَٱلْأَبْصَـٰرَ وَٱلْأَفْـِٔدَةَ ۚ قَلِيلًا مَّا تَشْكُرُونَ Wahuwa alla th ee anshaa lakumu a l ssamAAa wa a lab sa ra wa a lafidata qaleelan m a tashkuroon a
[O MEN! Pay heed to God's messages,] for it is He who has endowed you with hearing, and sight, and minds: [yet] how seldom are you grateful!
  - Mohammad Asad
It is Allah Who has given you ears, eyes and hearts - yet seldom you show gratitude
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
He is the One Who created for you hearing, sight, and intellect. 'Yet' you hardly give any thanks.
  - Mustafa Khattab
He it is Who hath created for you ears and eyes and hearts. Small thanks give ye!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
It is He Who has created for you (the faculties of) hearing sight feeling and understanding little thanks it is ye give! 2924
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

As elsewhere, "heart" is to be understood as the seat both of feeling and intelligence. 'All the means by which knowledge can be gathered, judgment formed, and goodness cultivated, are provided for you by Allah. If you were grateful, you would use those in My service, which is expressed in your service to your fellow men. But instead you ignore these gifts, question Allah's Providence, and blaspheme against Him!'

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23:79
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى ذَرَأَكُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَإِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ Wahuwa alla th ee th araakum fee alar d i wailayhi tu h sharoon a
And He it is who has caused you to multiply on earth; and unto Him you shall be gathered.
  - Mohammad Asad
- it is He Who has placed you in the earth and before Him you shall all be assembled on the Day of Judgement.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And He is the One Who has dispersed you 'all' over the earth, and to Him you will 'all' be gathered.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And He it is Who hath sown you broadcast in the earth, and unto Him ye will be gathered.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And He has multiplied you through the earth and to Him shall ye be gathered back.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:80
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى يُحْىِۦ وَيُمِيتُ وَلَهُ ٱخْتِلَـٰفُ ٱلَّيْلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ Wahuwa alla th ee yu h yee wayumeetu walahu ikhtil a fu allayli wa al nnah a ri afal a taAAqiloon a
And He it is who grants life and deals death; and to Him is due the alternation of night and day. Will you not, then, use your reason?
  - Mohammad Asad
It is He Who gives life and cause you to die, and in His control is the alternation of the night and the day: then why don't you understand?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And He is the One Who gives life and causes death, and to Him belongs the alternation of the day and night. Will you not then understand?
  - Mustafa Khattab
And He it is Who giveth life and causeth death, and His is the difference of night and day. Have ye then no sense?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
It is He Who gives life and death and to Him (is due) the alternation of Night and Day: will ye not then understand? 2925
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The alternation of Night and Day stands here as a symbol for all the beneficent processes of Nature provided by Allah for the comfort and growth of man's outer and inner life.

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23:81
بَلْ قَالُوا۟ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ ٱلْأَوَّلُونَ Bal q a loo mithla m a q a la alawwaloon a
But nay, they speak as the people of olden times did speak:
  - Mohammad Asad
On the contrary they just say what their forefathers said before them,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But they 'just' say what their predecessors said.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Nay, but they say the like of that which said the men of old;
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
On the contrary they say things similar to what the ancients said. 2926
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

And they are the more culpable, as they have received a later and completer revelation. Why should they now stand on the primitive ideas of their ancestors?

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23:82
قَالُوٓا۟ أَءِذَا مِتْنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَابًا وَعِظَـٰمًا أَءِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ Q a loo ai tha mitn a wakunn a tur a ban waAAi th a man ainn a lamabAAoothoon a
they say: "What! After we have died and become mere dust and bones, shall we, forsooth, be raised from the dead?
  - Mohammad Asad
who said: "What! After death when our bodies become dust and bones, could we really be raised to life again?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They said, 'Once we are dead and reduced to dust and bones, will we really be resurrected?
  - Mustafa Khattab
They say: When we are dead and have become (mere) dust and bones, shall we then, forsooth, be raised again?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They say: "What! when we die and become dust and bones could we really be raised up again?
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:83
لَقَدْ وُعِدْنَا نَحْنُ وَءَابَآؤُنَا هَـٰذَا مِن قَبْلُ إِنْ هَـٰذَآ إِلَّآ أَسَـٰطِيرُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ Laqad wuAAidn a na h nu wa a b a on a h atha min qablu in h atha ill a as at eeru alawwaleen a
Indeed, this [very thing] we have been promised - we and our forefathers-long ago! This is nothing but fables of ancient times!"
  - Mohammad Asad
We have heard many such threats and so did our forefathers before us. These are nothing but legends of primitive people."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
We have already been promised this, as well as our forefathers earlier. This is nothing but ancient fables!'
  - Mustafa Khattab
We were already promised this, we and our forefathers. Lo! this is naught but fables of the men of old.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Such things have been promised to us and to our fathers before! They are nothing but tales of the ancients!"
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:84
قُل لِّمَنِ ٱلْأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهَآ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ Qul limani alar d u waman feeh a in kuntum taAAlamoon a
Say: "Unto whom belongs the earth and all that lives thereon?48 [Tell me this] if you happen to know [the answer]!"
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "and all who are on it".

Say: "To whom belong the earth and everything therein? Tell me if you know?"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Ask 'them, O Prophet', 'To whom belong the earth and all those on it, if you 'really' know?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: Unto Whom (belongeth) the earth and whosoever is therein, if ye have knowledge?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "To whom belong the earth and all beings therein? (Say) if ye know!"
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:85
سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ Sayaqooloona lill a hi qul afal a ta th akkaroon a
[And] they will reply: "Unto God.Say: "Will you not, then, bethink yourselves [of Him]?"
  - Mohammad Asad
They will promptly reply: "to Allah!" Ask them: "Then why you don't use your common sense and believe in Him?"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will reply, 'To Allah!' Say, 'Why are you not then mindful?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
They will say: Unto Allah. Say: Will ye not then remember?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They will say "To Allah!" Say: "Yet will ye not receive admonition?" 2927
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

If their argument is that such things about a future life cannot be known or proved, they are referred to the things which are actually before them. The tangible things of the earth-can they postulate their order or government except by a Power or Force or Energy outside them? They will admit that there is such a Power or Force or Energy. We call it Allah. Go a step further. We see a sublime Universe in the heavens above, stretching far, far beyond our ken. They will admit its existence and its grandeur. We ask them to entertain a feeling of reverence for the Power behind it, and to understand their own littleness and their dependence upon that Power.

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23:86
قُلْ مَن رَّبُّ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ ٱلسَّبْعِ وَرَبُّ ٱلْعَرْشِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ Qul man rabbu a l ssam a w a ti a l ssabAAi warabbu alAAarshi alAAa th eem i
Say: "Who is it that sustains the seven heavens and is enthroned in His awesome almightiness?"49
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "who is the Sustainer (rabb) of the seven heavens"- see note [20] on 2:29 - "and the Sustainer of the awesome throne of almightiness": cf. 9:129 as well as note [43] on 7:54 .

Say: "Who is the Rabb of the seven heavens and the Rabb of the Glorious Throne?"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'And' ask 'them', 'Who is the Lord of the seven heavens and the Lord of the Mighty Throne?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: Who is Lord of the seven heavens, and Lord of the Tremendous Throne?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "Who is the Lord of the seven heavens and the Lord of the Throne (of Glory) Supreme?" 2928
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. ix. 129.

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23:87
سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ Sayaqooloona lill a hi qul afal a tattaqoon a
[And] they will reply: "[All this power belongs] to God. Say: "Will you not, then, remain conscious of Him?"
  - Mohammad Asad
Right away they will say: "Allah." Ask them: "Then why you don't fear Him?"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will reply, 'Allah.' Say, 'Will you not then fear 'Him'?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
They will say: Unto Allah (all that belongeth). Say: Will ye not then keep duty (unto Him)?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They will say "(They belong) to Allah." Say: "Will ye not then be filled with awe?" 2929
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

See n. 2927 above. 'If this great and glorious Universe inspires you with awe, surely the Power behind is more worthy of your awe, especially if you compare your dependence and its dependence upon Him.'

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23:88
قُلْ مَنۢ بِيَدِهِۦ مَلَكُوتُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَهُوَ يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ Qul man biyadihi malakootu kulli shayin wahuwa yujeeru wal a yuj a ru AAalayhi in kuntum taAAlamoon a
Say: "In whose hand rests the mighty dominion over all things, and who is it that protects, the while there is no protection against Him? [Tell me this] if you happen to know [the answer]!"
  - Mohammad Asad
Say: "In whose hands is the sovereignty of all things, protecting all, while against Him there is no protection? Tell me if you know."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Ask 'them also,' 'In Whose Hands is the authority over all things, protecting 'all' while none can protect against Him, if you 'really' know?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Say: In Whose hand is the dominion over all things and He protecteth, while against Him there is no protection, if ye have knowledge?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Say: "Who is it in whose hands is the governance of all things who protects (all) but is not protected (of any)? (Say) if ye know."
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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23:89
سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ فَأَنَّىٰ تُسْحَرُونَ Sayaqooloona lill a hi qul faann a tus h aroon a
[And] they will reply: "[All this power belongs] to God."Say: "How, then, can you be so deluded?"50
  - Mohammad Asad

Sc., "as to deny the prospect of resurrection".

Quickly they will reply: "Allah." Ask them: "Then how you can be so bewitched?"
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will reply, 'Allah.' Say, 'How are you then so deluded?'
  - Mustafa Khattab
They will say: Unto Allah (all that belongeth). Say: How then are ye bewitched?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
They will say "(It belongs) to Allah." Say: "Then how are ye deluded?" 2930
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

'The order and unity of purpose in the Universe argue unity of design and goodness in its Maker. Is it not then sheer madness for you to run after fancies and fail to understand and obey His Will? It is delusion in you to seek other than Allah.'

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23:90
بَلْ أَتَيْنَـٰهُم بِٱلْحَقِّ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَـٰذِبُونَ Bal atayn a hum bi a l h aqqi wainnahum lak ath iboon a
Nay, We have conveyed unto them the truth: and yet, behold, they are intent on Iying [to them-selves]!51
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "they are indeed liars" - i.e., they deceive themselves by asserting that they believe in God and, at the same time, rejecting the idea of a life after death, which - in view of the fact that many wrongdoers prosper in this world while many righteous lead a life of suffering - is insolubly bound up with the concept of divine justice. Apart from this, a denial of the possibility of resurrection implies a doubt as to God’s unlimited power and, thus, of His Godhead in the true sense of this concept. This latter doubt often finds its expression in the mystic belief in a multiplicity of divine powers: and it is to this erroneous belief that the next verse alludes.

The fact of the matter is that We have brought them the Truth, and undoubtedly these people are liars.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
In fact, We have brought them the truth, and they are certainly liars.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Nay, but We have brought them the Truth, and lo! they are liars.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
We have sent them the Truth: but they indeed practice Falsehood!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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