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Surah 44. Ad-Dukhan

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44:41
يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِى مَوْلًى عَن مَّوْلًى شَيْـًٔا وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ Yawma l a yughnee mawlan AAan mawlan shayan wal a hum yun s aroon a
the Day when no friend shall be of the least avail to his friend, and when none shall be succoured
  - Mohammad Asad
On that Day no one shall be able to protect his friend, nor shall they receive any help
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
the Day no kith or kin will be of benefit to another whatsoever, nor will they be helped,
  - Mustafa Khattab
A day when friend can in naught avail friend, nor can they be helped,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The Day when no protector can avail his client in aught and no help can they receive. 4719
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

When that Day comes, the strictest justice will prevail. No man, however prominently he may have walked on the world's stage, can help another. He himself will need help, not the sort of log-rolling help which high and low render to each other in this life, but which in the conditions of reality will be of no avail. The only things which will help will be the Mercy of Allah.

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44:42
إِلَّا مَن رَّحِمَ ٱللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ Ill a man ra h ima All a hu innahu huwa alAAazeezu a l rra h eem u
save those upon whom God will have bestowed His grace and mercy: for, verily, He alone is almighty, a dispenser of grace.
  - Mohammad Asad
except those to whom Allah will show His Mercy: for it is He Who is the All-Mighty, the All Merciful.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
except those shown mercy by Allah. He is truly the Almighty, Most Merciful.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Save him on whom Allah hath mercy. Lo! He is the Mighty, the Merciful.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Except such as receive Allah's Mercy: for He is exalted in Might Most Merciful. 4720
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah's Mercy will be the only thing of any efficacy, for He is both able to help ("Exalted in Might") and willing to forgive ("Most Merciful").

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44:43
إِنَّ شَجَرَتَ ٱلزَّقُّومِ Inna shajarata a l zzaqqoom i
Verily, [in the life to come] the tree of deadly fruit24
  - Mohammad Asad

See surah {37}, note [22].

Surely the Zaqqum tree
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Surely 'the fruit of' the tree of Zaqqûm1
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Zaqqûm is a tree that grows in the depths of Hell as mentioned in 37:62-65. The pagans of Mecca used to make fun of the Prophet and say, “How can a tree grow in Hell?”

Lo! the tree of Zaqqum,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Verily the tree of Zaqqum 4721 4722
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Now follows a word-picture of the horrors to which Evil must lead us. What human language and what figures of speech can adequately describe them?

The opposite of "delicious Fruits" is the terrible tree of Zaqqam, which is further described in xxxvii. 62-68, where see n. 4073. Also see xvii. 60, n. 2250.

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44:44
طَعَامُ ٱلْأَثِيمِ T aAA a mu alatheem i
will be the food of the sinful:25
  - Mohammad Asad

The term al-athim (lit., "the sinful one") has here apparently a specific connotation, referring to a wilful denial of resurrection and of God's judgment: in other words, of all sense and meaning in man's existence.

shall be the food of the sinners,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
will be the food of the evildoer.
  - Mustafa Khattab
The food of the sinner!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Will be the food of the Sinful
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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44:45
كَٱلْمُهْلِ يَغْلِى فِى ٱلْبُطُونِ Ka a lmuhli yaghlee fee albu t oon i
like molten lead will it boil in the belly,
  - Mohammad Asad
it will be like the drags of oil. Which shall boil in the belly
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Like molten metal, it will boil in the bellies
  - Mustafa Khattab
Like molten brass, it seetheth in their bellies
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Like molten brass; it will boil in their insides
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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44:46
كَغَلْىِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ Kaghalyi al h ameem i
like the boiling of burning despair.26
  - Mohammad Asad

For this tropical meaning of the term hamim, see surah {6}. note [62].

like the boiling of scalding water.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
like the boiling of hot water.
  - Mustafa Khattab
As the seething of boiling water.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Like the boiling of scalding water.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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44:47
خُذُوهُ فَٱعْتِلُوهُ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلْجَحِيمِ Khu th oohu fa i AAtiloohu il a saw a i alja h eem i
[And the word will be spoken:] "Seize him, [O you forces of hell,] and drag him into the midst of the blazing fire:
  - Mohammad Asad
A voice will be heard: "Seize him and drag him into the depth of the hell,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'It will be said,' 'Seize them and drag them into the depths of the Hellfire.
  - Mustafa Khattab
(And it will be said): Take him and drag him to the midst of hell,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
(A voice will cry:) "Seize ye him and drag him into the midst of the Blazing Fire!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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44:48
ثُمَّ صُبُّوا۟ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِۦ مِنْ عَذَابِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ Thumma s ubboo fawqa rasihi min AAa tha bi al h ameem i
then pour over his head the anguish of burning despair!
  - Mohammad Asad
then pour scalding water over his head,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Then pour over their heads the torment of boiling water.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Then pour upon his head the torment of boiling water.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Then pour over his head the Penalty of Boiling Water;
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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44:49
ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْكَرِيمُ Th uq innaka anta alAAazeezu alkareem u
Taste it - thou who [on earth] hast considered thyself so mighty, so noble!27
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "for, behold, thou wert . . .", etc. - thus alluding to the sin of arrogance due to disbelief in a continuation of life after death and, hence, in man's ultimate responsibility to God. (Cf. {96} "Verily, man becomes grossly overweening whenever he believes himself to be self-sufficient" - and the corresponding note [4].)

then the voice will say: "Taste it; you were such a powerful noble!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'The wicked will be told,' 'Taste this. You mighty, noble one!1
  - Mustafa Khattab

 Abu Jahl, a Meccan pagan leader, met the warning of punishment in the Hereafter by exclaiming, “How can I be punished when I am the mighty, noble one!”

(Saying): Taste! Lo! thou wast forsooth the mighty, the noble!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Taste thou (this)! Truly wast thou Mighty full of honor! 4723
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

In this particular Sura the besetting sin we are considering is the arrogance born of place or power, wealth or honour, as understood in this world. The punishment of ignominy looks back to the kind of sin which is to be punished.

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44:50
إِنَّ هَـٰذَا مَا كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَمْتَرُونَ Inna h atha m a kuntum bihi tamtaroon a
This is the very thing which you [deniers of the truth] were wont to call in question!"28
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., the continuation of life after death.

This is the punishment which you use to doubt."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
This is truly what you 'all' used to doubt.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! this is that whereof ye used to doubt.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Truly this is what ye used to doubt!" 4724
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

When the Punishment becomes a realised fact, how foolish will those look who doubted whether there would be a Hereafter?

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44:51
إِنَّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ فِى مَقَامٍ أَمِينٍ Inna almuttaqeena fee maq a min ameen in
[As against this -] verily, the God-conscious will find themselves in a state secure,
  - Mohammad Asad
4 As for the righteous, they will be in a secure place;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Indeed, the righteous will be in a secure place,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! those who kept their duty will be in a place secure
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
As to the Righteous (they will be) in a position of Security 4725
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

There will be no uncertainty, as on this earth; no danger of discontinuance: no possibility of their satisfaction being terminated.

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44:52
فِى جَنَّـٰتٍ وَعُيُونٍ Fee jann a tin waAAuyoon in
amid gardens and springs,
  - Mohammad Asad
among gardens and springs,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
amid Gardens and springs,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Amid gardens and water springs,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Among Gardens and Springs;
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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44:53
يَلْبَسُونَ مِن سُندُسٍ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍ مُّتَقَـٰبِلِينَ Yalbasoona min sundusin waistabraqin mutaq a bileen a
wearing [garments] of silk and brocade, facing one another [in love].29
  - Mohammad Asad

For these particular allegories of life in paradise, see note [41] on 18:31 .

dressed in fine silk and rich brocade, sitting face to face.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
dressed in fine silk and rich brocade, facing one another.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Attired in silk and silk embroidery, facing one another.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Dressed in fine silk and in rich brocade they will face each other; 4726 4727
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. xvifi: 31, and n. 2373.

Everything will be open and in social companionship: for all the petty feelings of jealousy or exclusiveness will have passed away.

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44:54
كَذَٰلِكَ وَزَوَّجْنَـٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينٍ Ka tha lika wazawwajn a hum bi h oorin AAeen in
Thus shall it be. And We shall pair them with companions pure, most beautiful of eye.30
  - Mohammad Asad

For the rendering of hur 'in as "companions pure, most beautiful of eye", see surah {56}, notes [8] and [13]. It is to be noted that the noun zawj (lit., "a pair" or - according to the context - "one of a pair") applies to either of the two sexes, as does the transitive verb zawaja, "he paired" or "joined", i.e., one person with another.

Such shall be their place! And We shall wed them to Hourin-Ayn (damsels with beautiful big and lustrous eyes).
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
So it will be. And We will pair them to maidens with gorgeous eyes.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Even so (it will be). And We shall wed them unto fair ones with wide, lovely eyes.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
So; and We shall Join them to Companions with beautiful big and lustrous eyes. 4728 4729
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Maidens, like the scene, the dress, the outlook, and the fruit, will be beautiful. There will be life, but free from all earthly grossness. The women as well as the men of this life will attain to this indescribable bliss.

Hur implies the following ideas: (1) purity, (2) beauty, especially of eyes, where the intense white of the eye-balls stands out against the intense black of the pupil, thus giving the appearance of lustre, and intense feeling, as opposed to dullness or want of expression; and (3) truth and goodwill.

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44:55
يَدْعُونَ فِيهَا بِكُلِّ فَـٰكِهَةٍ ءَامِنِينَ YadAAoona feeh a bikulli f a kihatin a mineen a
In that [paradise] they shall [rightfully] claim all the fruits [of their past deeds],31 resting in security;
  - Mohammad Asad

Cf. 43:73 .

There, in full peace, they shall call for every kind of fruit;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
There they will call for every fruit in serenity.
  - Mustafa Khattab
They call therein for every fruit in safety.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
There can they call for every kind of fruit in peace and security; 4730
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The signification is explained in n. 4671 to xliii. 73.

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