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Surah 54. Al-Qamar

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54:16
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِى وَنُذُرِ Fakayfa k a na AAa tha bee wanu th ur i
And how severe is the suffering which I inflict when My warnings are disregarded!10
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "how was My [causing] suffering ('adhabi) and My warnings" - i.e., after the warnings. Although this sentence is phrased in the past tense, its purport is evidently timeless.

How terrible was My scourge and how clear My warning!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Then how 'dreadful' were My punishment and warnings!
  - Mustafa Khattab
Then see how (dreadful) was My punishment after My warnings!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But how (terrible) was My Penalty and My Warning? 5142
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

While the Mercy of Allah is always prominently mentioned, we must not forget or minimise the existence of Evil, and the terrible Penalty it incurs if the Grace of Allah and His Warning are deliberately rejected.

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54:17
وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا ٱلْقُرْءَانَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ Walaqad yassarn a alqur a na li l thth ikri fahal min muddakir in
Hence, indeed, We made this Qur'an easy to bear in mind:11 who, then, is willing to take it to heart?
  - Mohammad Asad

The noun dhikr primarily denotes "remembrance", or - as defined by Raghib - the "presence [of something] in the mind". Conceptually, and as used in the above context as well as in verses {22}, {32} and {40}, this term comprises the twin notions of understanding and remembering, i.e., bearing something in mind.

We have indeed made the Qur'an very easy to understand the admonition: but is there any who would take admonition?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And We have certainly made the Quran easy to remember. So is there anyone who will be mindful?
  - Mustafa Khattab
And in truth We have made the Qur'an easy to remember; but is there any that remembered?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And We have indeed made the Qur'an easy to understand and remember: then is there any that will receive admonition? 5143
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

While the Qur-an sums up the highest philosophy of the inner life, its simple directions for conduct are plain and easy to understand and act upon. Is this not in itself a part of the Grace of Allah? And what excuse is there for any one to fail in receiving admonition?

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54:18
كَذَّبَتْ عَادٌ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِى وَنُذُرِ Ka thth abat AA a dun fakayfa k a na AAa tha bee wanu th ur i
TO THE TRUTH gave the lie [the tribe of] 'Ad: and how severe was the suffering which I inflicted when My warnings were disregarded!
  - Mohammad Asad
Likewise the people of 'Ad did not believe then how terrible was My scourge and how clear My Warning!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'Ȃd 'also' rejected 'the truth'. Then how 'dreadful' were My punishment and warnings!
  - Mustafa Khattab
(The tribe of) Aad rejected warnings. Then how (dreadful) was My punishment after My warnings.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The `Ad (people) (too) rejected (Truth): then how terrible was my Penalty and my Warning!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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54:19
إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا صَرْصَرًا فِى يَوْمِ نَحْسٍ مُّسْتَمِرٍّ Inn a arsaln a AAalayhim ree h an s ar s aran fee yawmi na h sin mustamirr in
Behold, We let loose upon them a raging stormwind on a day of bitter misfortune:
  - Mohammad Asad
We let loose on them a tornado, on the day of their bitter misfortune,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Indeed, We sent against them a furious wind,1 on a day of unrelenting misery,
  - Mustafa Khattab

 lit., a bitter and screaming wind.

Lo! We let loose on them a raging wind on a day of constant calamity,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
For We sent against them a furious wind on a Day of violent Disaster 5144
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. xli. 16. How graphic is the description of the tornado that uprooted them! It must indeed be a dreadful tornado that plucks up the palm-trees by their deep tap-roots. The "Day" is an indefinite period of time. The wind that destroyed the 'Ad people lasted seven nights and eight days: lxix. 7.

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54:20
تَنزِعُ ٱلنَّاسَ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ مُّنقَعِرٍ TanziAAu a l nn a sa kaannahum aAAj a zu nakhlin munqaAAir in
it swept the people away as though they were palm-trunks uprooted:12
  - Mohammad Asad

As mentioned in {69:6-8}, this wind - obviously an exceptionally violent sandstorm - raged without break for seven nights and eight days. For particulars of the tribe of 'Ad, see second half of note [48] on 7:65 .

which snatched them off like trunks of uprooted palm-trees.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
that snatched people up, leaving them like trunks of uprooted palm trees.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Sweeping men away as though they were uprooted trunks of palm trees.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Plucking out men as if they were roots of palm-trees torn up (from the ground).
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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54:21
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِى وَنُذُرِ Fakayfa k a na AAa tha bee wanu th ur i
for, how severe is the suffering which I inflict when My warnings are disregarded!
  - Mohammad Asad
How terrible was My scourge and how clear My warning!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Then how 'dreadful' were My punishment and warnings!
  - Mustafa Khattab
Then see how (dreadful) was My punishment after My warnings!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Yea how (terrible) was my Penalty and my Warning! 5145
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Repeated from verse 18 to heighten the description of the sin, the penalty, and the criminal negligence of the sinners in refusing the warnings on account of their self- complacent confidence in their own strength and stability! It is repeated again as a secondary refrain in liv. 30 and (with slight modification) in liv. 32 and 39.

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54:22
وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا ٱلْقُرْءَانَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ Walaqad yassarn a alqur a na li l thth ikri fahal min muddakir in
Hence, indeed, We made this Qur'an easy to hear in mind: who, then, is willing to take it to heart?
  - Mohammad Asad
We have indeed made the Qur'an very easy to understand the admonition, so is there any who would take admonition?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And We have certainly made the Quran easy to remember. So is there anyone who will be mindful?
  - Mustafa Khattab
And in truth We have made the Qur'an easy to remember; but is there any that remembereth?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But We have indeed made the Qur'an easy to understand and remember: then is there any that will receive admonition?
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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54:23
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِٱلنُّذُرِ Ka thth abat thamoodu bi al nnu th ur i
[AND the tribe of] Thamud gave the lie to all [Our] warnings;
  - Mohammad Asad
The people of Thamud disbelieved Our warning,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Thamûd rejected the warnings 'as well',
  - Mustafa Khattab
(The tribe of) Thamud rejected warnings
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The Thamud (also) rejected (their) Warners.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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54:24
فَقَالُوٓا۟ أَبَشَرًا مِّنَّا وَٰحِدًا نَّتَّبِعُهُۥٓ إِنَّآ إِذًا لَّفِى ضَلَـٰلٍ وَسُعُرٍ Faq a loo abasharan minn a w ah idan nattabiAAuhu inn a i th an lafee d al a lin wasuAAur in
and they said: "Are we to follow one single mortal, one from among ourselves?13 In that case, behold, we would certainly sink into error and folly!
  - Mohammad Asad

For the general implication of this rhetorical question, see note [2] on 50:2 . For the story of the tribe of Thamud, their prophet Salih, and the incident of the she-camel, see {7:73-79}, {11:61-68}, {26:141-158}, and the corresponding notes.

saying: "Are we to follow a human who stands alone among us? That would surely be an error and madness.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
arguing, 'How can we follow one 'average' human being from among us? We would then truly be misguided and insane.
  - Mustafa Khattab
For they said: Is it a mortal man, alone among us, that we are to follow? Then indeed we should fall into error and madness.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
For they said: "what! a man! a solitary one from among ourselves! shall we follow such a one? Truly should we then be straying in mind and mad! 5146 5147
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The psychology of the Thamud is more searchingly analysed here than in xli. 17, to show up the contrast between shallow men's ideas about Revelation, and the real sanity, humanism, social value, and truth of Revelation. To them the Revelation was brought by Salih.

Because the Prophet is one among so many, and different from them, although brought up among themselves, it is made a cause of reproach against him, when it should have been an index leading to a searching of their hearts and an examination of their ways.

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54:25
أَءُلْقِىَ ٱلذِّكْرُ عَلَيْهِ مِنۢ بَيْنِنَا بَلْ هُوَ كَذَّابٌ أَشِرٌ Aolqiya a l thth ikru AAalayhi min baynin a bal huwa ka ththa bun ashir un
Why - on him alone from among all of us should a [divine] reminder have been bestowed? Nay, but he is a boastful liar!"
  - Mohammad Asad
Was he the only person among us to receive this warning? Nay! He is indeed an insolent liar."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Has the revelation been sent down 'only' to him out of 'all of' us? In fact, he is a boastful liar.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
Hath the remembrance been given unto him alone among us? Nay, but he is a rash liar.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Is it that the Message is sent to him of all people amongst us? Nay he is a liar an insolent one!" 5148
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Pure abuse, as a contrast to Salih's expostulation! See xxvi. 141-158, and notes.

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54:26
سَيَعْلَمُونَ غَدًا مَّنِ ٱلْكَذَّابُ ٱلْأَشِرُ SayaAAlamoona ghadan mani alka ththa bu alashir u
[And God said:] "On the morrow14 they will come to know who the boastful liar is!
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., soon. In classical Arabic, the term ghadan ("tomorrow") often applies to a relatively near future, signifying "tomorrow" (in its literal sense) as well as "in time" or "soon". Hence - as pointed out by all authorities - it may have been used in the above context with reference to the Last Hour, which in the first verse of this very surah is spoken of as having "drawn near".

To Our Rasool Saleh, We said: "Tomorrow they shall find out who is an insolent liar.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'It was revealed to Salih,' 'They will soon know who the boastful liar is.
  - Mustafa Khattab
(Unto their warner it was said): Tomorrow they will know who is the rash liar.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Ah! they will know on the morrow which is the liar the insolent one!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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54:27
إِنَّا مُرْسِلُوا۟ ٱلنَّاقَةِ فِتْنَةً لَّهُمْ فَٱرْتَقِبْهُمْ وَٱصْطَبِرْ Inn a mursiloo a l nn a qati fitnatan lahum fa i rtaqibhum wa i st abir
Behold, [O Salih,] We are letting loose this she-camel as a test for them;15 and thou but watch them, and contain thyself in patience.
  - Mohammad Asad

For this and other Qur'anic references to the she-camel that was to be "let loose as a test" for the Thamud, see surah {7}, note [57]. God's "letting her loose" is in this context evidently synonymous with "allowing her to become" a test.

We are going to send the she-camel as a trial for them. Therefore, watch them and have patience.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
We are sending the she-camel as a test for them. So watch them 'closely', and have patience.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! We are sending the she camel as a test for them; so watch them and have patience;
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
For We will send the she camel by way of trial for them. So watch them (O Saleh) and possess thyself in patience! 5149
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

See n. 1044 to vii. 73, for the she-camel as a trial or test case among selfish people who tried to monopolise water and pasture as against the poor.

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54:28
وَنَبِّئْهُمْ أَنَّ ٱلْمَآءَ قِسْمَةٌۢ بَيْنَهُمْ ۖ كُلُّ شِرْبٍ مُّحْتَضَرٌ Wanabbihum anna alm a a qismatun baynahum kullu shirbin mu h ta d ar un
And let them know that the water [of their wells] is to be divided between them,16 with each share of water equitably apportioned."
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., between their own herds and the ownerless she-camel: see 26:155 and the corresponding note [67].

Tell them that the water must be shared between them and the she-camel, and each will come to the water at its own turn.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And tell them that the 'drinking' water must be divided between them 'and her', each taking a turn to drink 'every other day'.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
And inform them that the water is to be shared between (her and) them. Every drinking will be witnessed.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And tell them that the water is to be divided between them: each one's right to drink being brought forward (by suitable turns). 5150
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

See xxvi. 155-156. All were to have water in due turn. It was to be no one's monopoly. And certainly the gates were not to be shut against the poor or their cattle.

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54:29
فَنَادَوْا۟ صَاحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطَىٰ فَعَقَرَ Fan a daw sah ibahum fataAA ata faAAaqar a
But they summoned their [boldest] companion, and he ventured [upon the evil deed], and cruelly slaughtered [the animal]:17
  - Mohammad Asad

For the above rendering of 'aqara, see note [61] on 7:77 .

At last the people of Thamud called out to one of their companions, who took the responsibility and hamstrung her.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But they roused a companion of theirs, so he dared to kill 'her'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
But they called their comrade and he took and hamstrung (her).
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But they called to their companion and he took a sword in hand and hamstrung (her).
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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54:30
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِى وَنُذُرِ Fakayfa k a na AAa tha bee wanu th ur i
and how severe was the suffering which I inflicted when My warnings were disregarded!
  - Mohammad Asad
Then how terrible was My scourge and how clear My warning!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Then how 'dreadful' were My punishment and warnings!
  - Mustafa Khattab
Then see how (dreadful) was My punishment after My warnings!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Ah! how (terrible) was My Penalty and My Warning!
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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