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Surah 29. Al-Ankabut

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Bismi All a hi a l rra h m a ni a l rra h eem i
IN THE NAME OF GOD, THE MOST GRACIOUS, THE DISPENSER OF GRACE:1
  - Mohammad Asad

According to most of the authorities, this invocation (which occurs at the beginning of every surah with the exception of surah 9) constitutes an integral part of "The Opening" and is, therefore, numbered as verse {1}. In all other instances, the invocation "in the name of God" precedes the surah as such, and is not counted among its verses. - Both the divine epithets rahman and rahim are derived from the noun rahmah, which signifies "mercy", "compassion", "loving tenderness" and, more comprehensively, "grace". From the very earliest times, Islamic scholars have endeavoured to define the exact shades of meaning which differentiate the two terms. The best and simplest of these explanations is undoubtedly the one advanced by Ibn al-Qayyim (as quoted in Manar I,48): the term rahman circumscribes the quality of abounding grace inherent in, and inseparable from, the concept of God's Being, whereas rahim expresses the manifestation of that grace in, and its effect upon, His creation - in other words, an aspect of His activity.

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
In the Name of Allah- the Most Compassionate, Most Merciful.
  - Mustafa Khattab
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
In the name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful. 19
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Arabic words "Rahman" and "Rahim" translated "Most Gracious" and "Most Merciful" are both intensive forms referring to different aspects of God's attribute of Mercy. The Arabic intensive is more suited to express God's attributes than the superlative degree in English. The latter implies a comparison with other beings, or with other times or places, while there is no being like unto God, and He is independent of Time and Place. Mercy may imply pity, long-suffering, patience, and forgiveness, all of which the sinner needs and God Most Merciful bestows in abundant measure. But there is a Mercy that goes before even the need arises, the Grace which is ever watchful, and flows from God Most Gracious to all His creatures, protecting the, preserving them, guiding them, and leading them to clearer light and higher life. For this reason the attribute Rahman (Most Gracious) is not applied to any but God, but the attribute Rahim (Merciful), is a general term, and may also be applied to Men. To make us contemplate these boundless gifts of God, the formula: "In the name of God Most Gracious, Most Merciful": is placed before every Sura of the Qur-an (except the ninth), and repeated at the beginning of every act by the Muslim who dedicates his life to God, and whose hope is in His Mercy.

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29:1
الٓمٓ Alifl a mmeem
Alif. Lam. Mim.1
  - Mohammad Asad

See Appendix II.

Alif Lam M'im.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Alif-Lãm-Mĩm.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Alif. Lam. Mim.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Alif Lam Mim. 3422
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

We are asked to contrast, in our present life the real inner life against the outer life, and learn from the past about the struggles of the soul which upholds Allah's Truth, against the environment of evil, which resists it, and to turn our thoughts to the Ma'ad, or man's future destiny in the Hereafter.

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29:2
أَحَسِبَ ٱلنَّاسُ أَن يُتْرَكُوٓا۟ أَن يَقُولُوٓا۟ ءَامَنَّا وَهُمْ لَا يُفْتَنُونَ A h asiba a l nn a su an yutrakoo an yaqooloo a mann a wahum l a yuftanoon a
DO MEN THINK that on their [mere] saying, "We have attained to faith", they will be left to themselves, and will not be put to a test?
  - Mohammad Asad
Do the people think that they will be left alone on saying "We believe," and that they will not be tested?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Do people think once they say, 'We believe,' that they will be left without being put to the test?
  - Mustafa Khattab
Do men imagine that they will be left (at ease) because they say, We believe, and will not be tested with affliction?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Do men think that they will be left alone on saying "We believe" and that they will not be tested? 3423
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Mere lip profession of Faith is not enough. It must be tried and tested in the real turmoil of life. The test will be applied in all kinds of circumstances, in individual life and in relation to the environment around us, to see whether we can strive constantly and put Allah above Self. Much pain, sorrow, and self-sacrifice may be necessary, not because they are good in themselves, but because they will purify us, like fire applied to a goldsmith's crucible to burn out the dross.

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29:3
وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ ۖ فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا۟ وَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ ٱلْكَـٰذِبِينَ Walaqad fatann a alla th eena min qablihim falayaAAlamanna All a hu alla th eena s adaqoo walayaAAlamanna alk ath ibeen a
Yea, indeed, We did test those who lived before them; and so, [too, shall be tested the people now living: and] most certainly will God mark out those who prove themselves true, and most certainly will He mark out those who are lying.2
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., to others and/or to themselves (see note [7]).

We did test those who have gone before them. Allah has to see (for the purpose of reward and punishment) who are the truthful and who are the liars.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
We certainly tested those before them. And 'in this way' Allah will clearly distinguish between those who are truthful and those who are liars.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! We tested those who were before you. Thus Allah knoweth those who are sincere, and knoweth those who feign.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
We did test those before them and Allah will certainly know those who are true from those who are false. 3424
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The word "know" is used here more in the sense of testing than of acquiring knowledge. Allah is All-Knowing: He needs no test to increase His own knowledge, but the test is to burn out the dross within ourselves, as explained in the last note.

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29:4
أَمْ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن يَسْبِقُونَا ۚ سَآءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ Am h asiba alla th eena yaAAmaloona a l ssayyi a ti an yasbiqoon a s a a m a ya h kumoon a
Or do they think - they who do evil deeds [while claiming to have attained to faith1 - that they can escape Us? Bad, indeed, is their judgment!
  - Mohammad Asad
Or do the evildoers think that they will escape from Our reach? How bad is their judgment!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Or do the evildoers 'simply' think that they will escape Us? How wrong is their judgment!
  - Mustafa Khattab
Or do those who do ill deeds imagine that they can outstrip Us: Evil (for them ) is that which they decide.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Do those who practice evil think that they will get the better of us? Evil is their judgment! 3425
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

If the enemies of Truth imagine that they will "be first" by destroying Truth before it takes root, they are sadly at fault, for their own persecution may help to plant Allah's Truth more firmly in men's hearts.

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29:5
مَن كَانَ يَرْجُوا۟ لِقَآءَ ٱللَّهِ فَإِنَّ أَجَلَ ٱللَّهِ لَـَٔاتٍ ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ Man k a na yarjoo liq a a All a hi fainna ajala All a hi la a tin wahuwa a l ssameeAAu alAAaleem u
Whoever looks forward [with hope and aw ] to meeting God [on Resurrection Day, let him be ready for it]: for, behold, the end set by God [for every-one's life] is bound to come - and He alone is all-hearing, all-knowing!
  - Mohammad Asad
He that hopes to meet Allah must know that Allah's appointed time is sure to come and He hears all and knows all.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Whoever hopes for the meeting with Allah, 'let them know that' Allah's appointed time is sure to come. He is the All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Whoso looketh forward to the meeting with Allah (let him know that) Allah's reckoning is surely nigh, and He is the Hearer, the Knower.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
For those whose hopes are in the meeting with Allah (in the Hereafter let them strive); for the Term (appointed) by Allah is surely coming: and He hears and knows (all things). 3426 3427
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The men of Faith look forward to Allah. Their quest is Allah, and the object of their hopes is the meeting with Allah. They should strive with might and main to serve Him in this life, for this life is short, and the Term appointed for their probation will soon be over.

The Term (ajal) may signify: (1) the time appointed for death, which ends the probation of this life; (2) the time appointed for this life, so that we can prepare for the Hereafter; the limit will soon expire. In either case the ultimate meaning is the same. We must strive now and not postpone anything for the future. And we must realize and remember that every prayer we make to Allah is heard by Him, and that every unspoken wish or motive of our heart, good or bad, is known to Him, and goes to swell our spiritual account.

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