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حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو تَوْبَةَ وَهُوَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ زَيْدٍ يَعْنِي أَخَاهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا سَلَّامٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أَسْمَاءَ الرَّحَبِيُّ أَنَّ ثَوْبَانَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ قَائِمًا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَاءَ حِبْرٌ مِنْ أَحْبَارِ الْيَهُودِ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَدَفَعْتُهُ دَفْعَةً كَادَ يُصْرَعُ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ لِمَ تَدْفَعُنِي فَقُلْتُ أَلَا تَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ إِنَّمَا نَدْعُوهُ بِاسْمِهِ الَّذِي سَمَّاهُ بِهِ أَهْلُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اسْمِي مُحَمَّدٌ الَّذِي سَمَّانِي بِهِ أَهْلِي فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ جِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيَنْفَعُكَ شَيْءٌ إِنْ حَدَّثْتُكَ قَالَ أَسْمَعُ بِأُذُنَيَّ فَنَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعُودٍ مَعَهُ فَقَالَ سَلْ فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ أَيْنَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ { يَوْمَ تُبَدَّلُ الْأَرْضُ غَيْرَ الْأَرْضِ وَالسَّمَوَاتُ } فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُمْ فِي الظُّلْمَةِ دُونَ الْجِسْرِ قَالَ فَمَنْ أَوَّلُ النَّاسِ إِجَازَةً قَالَ فُقَرَاءُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ فَمَا تُحْفَتُهُمْ حِينَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ؟ قَالَ زِيَادَةُ كَبِدِ النُّونِ قَالَ فَمَا غِذَاؤُهُمْ عَلَى إِثْرِهَا قَالَ يُنْحَرُ لَهُمْ ثَوْرُ الْجَنَّةِ الَّذِي كَانَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا قَالَ فَمَا شَرَابُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ مِنْ عَيْنٍ فِيهَا تُسَمَّى سَلْسَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ وَجِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ لَا يَعْلَمُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ أَوْ رَجُلٌ أَوْ رَجُلَانِ قَالَ يَنْفَعُكَ إِنْ حَدَّثْتُكَ قَالَ أَسْمَعُ بِأُذُنَيَّ قَالَ جِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ الْوَلَدِ؟ قَالَ مَاءُ الرَّجُلِ أَبْيَضُ وَمَاءُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَصْفَرُ فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَا فَعَلَا مَنِيُّ الرَّجُلِ مَنِيَّ الْمَرْأَةِ أَذْكَرَا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَإِذَا عَلَا مَنِيُّ الْمَرْأَةِ مَنِيَّ الرَّجُلِ آنَثَا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ لَقَدْ صَدَقْتَ، وَإِنَّكَ لَنَبِيٌّ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَذَهَبَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَقَدْ سَأَلَنِي هَذَا عَنْ الَّذِي سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ وَمَا لِي عِلْمٌ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْهُ حَتَّى أَتَانِيَ اللَّهُ بِهِ.
Thawban the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "I was standing beside the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) when one of the Jewish rabbis came and said: 'Peace be upon you, O Muhammad.' I gave him a shove that almost made him fall over. He said: 'Why did you push me?' I said: 'Why don't you say, "O Messenger of Allah"?' The Jew said: 'We only call him by the name that his family gave him.' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'My name is Muhammad, (a name) that my family gave to me.' The Jew said: 'I have come to ask you something.' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'Will it benefit you anything if I tell you?' He said: 'I will listen.' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) scratched the ground with a stick that he had with him, and said: 'Ask.' The Jew said: 'Where will the people be on the Day when the earth is changed to another earth, and the heavens (likewise)?' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'They will be in darkness near the Bridge.' He said: 'Who will be the first people to cross (the Bridge)?' He said: 'The poor Muhajirin (emigrants)." The Jew said: 'What will be presented to them when they enter Paradise?' He said: "The caudate (extra) lobe of the fish liver."' He said: 'What food will be given to them after that?' He said: 'The bull of Paradise, which used to graze along its edges, will be slaughtered for them.' He said: 'What will their drink be?' He said: 'From a spring there that is called Salsabil.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth. I came to ask you about something that no one on earth knows except a Prophet, or one or two men.' He (s.a.w) said: 'Will it benefit you anything if I tell you?' He said: 'I will listen. I have come to ask you about the child.' He (s.a.w) said: 'The water of the man is white and the water of the woman is yellow. If they meet and the Mani of the man prevails over the Mani of the woman, it will be a male, by Allah's leave. If the Mani (seminal fluid) of the woman prevails over the Mani (seminal fluid) of the man, it will be a female, by Allah's leave.' The Jew said: 'You have spoken the truth; you are indeed a Prophet.' Then he left and went away. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'This man asked me what he asked me, and I had no knowledge of any of that until Allah granted it to me."'
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"When a person dies, his works end, except for three: ongoing charity, knowledge that is benefited from, and a righteous child who prays for him."
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH)
"The best of what a man leaves behind are three: a righteous child who supplicates for him, ongoing charity the reward of which reaches him, and knowledge that is acted upon after him."
Sunan Ibn Mājah
"Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says, 'O Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your Cause,' and the other (angel) says, 'O Allah! Destroy every miser.'"
Sahih Bukhari