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Surah 76. Al-Insan

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76:16
قَوَارِيرَا۟ مِن فِضَّةٍ قَدَّرُوهَا تَقْدِيرًا Qaw a reera min fi dd atin qaddarooh a taqdeer a n
crystal-like, [but] of silver - the measure whereof they alone will determine.16
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., partaking of as much as they may desire.

and goblets made of crystal-clear silver, filled by their attendants in due measure.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
crystalline silver, filled precisely as desired.
  - Mustafa Khattab
(Bright as) glass but (made) of silver, which they (themselves) have measured to the measure (of their deeds).
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Crystal-clear made of silver: they will determine the measure thereof (according to their wishes). 5848
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

That is, silver polished and white, and shining like crystal.

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76:17
وَيُسْقَوْنَ فِيهَا كَأْسًا كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا زَنجَبِيلًا Wayusqawna feeh a kasan k a na miz a juh a zanjabeel a n
And in that [paradise] they will be given to drink of a cup flavoured with ginger,
  - Mohammad Asad
And they will also be given to drink a cup of wine mixed with Zanjabil (ginger-flavored water),
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And they will be given a drink 'of pure wine' flavoured with ginger
  - Mustafa Khattab
There are they watered with a cup whereof the mixture is of Zanjabil,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And they will be given to drink there of a Cup (of Wine) mixed with Zanjabil 5849
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. above, lxxvi. 5-6, and n. 5835, where the Cup of Kafur (Camphor) was mentioned for coolness and refreshment to the Righteous, who had just passed the great Event of Judgment. The second stage is described in verses 12-14, when they enter the Garden in Garments of Silk, and find that their former humility in the probationary life is rewarded with high honour in the new world they have entered. The third stage is in verses 15-21, where they settle down in Bliss, with Garments of fine silk and heavy brocades, with Ornaments and Jewels, with an ordered Feast of set service, and the Cup of Zanjabil. This word literally means Ginger. In Eastern medicine Ginger is administered to give warmth to the body and zest to the taste; this is appropriate for the Royal Feast which is now figured forth.

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76:18
عَيْنًا فِيهَا تُسَمَّىٰ سَلْسَبِيلًا AAaynan feeh a tusamm a salsabeel a n
[derived from] a source [to be found] therein, whose name is "Seek Thy Way".17
  - Mohammad Asad

This is how 'Ali ibn Abi Talib - as quoted by Zamakhshari and Razi - explains the (obviously compound) word salsabilan, dividing it into its two components, sal sabilan ("ask [or "seek"] the way"): namely, "seek thy way to paradise by means of doing righteous deeds". Although Zamakhshari does not quite agree with this interpretation, it is, in my opinion, very convincing inasmuch as it contains an allusion to the highly allegorical character of the concept of "paradise" as a spiritual consequence of one's positive endeavours in this world. That its delights are not of a material nature is also evident from their varying descriptions - i.e., "a cup flavoured with ginger" in verse {17}, and "flavoured with the calyx of sweet-smelling flowers" in verse {5}; or "they will be waited upon with trays and goblets of gold" in 43:71 , and "vessels of silver and goblets that will [seem to] be crystal - crystal-like, [but] of silver", in verses {15-16} of this surah; and so forth.

from a fountain, called Salsabil.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
from a spring there, called Salsabîl.
  - Mustafa Khattab
The water of a spring therein, named Salsabil.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
A fountain there called Salsabil. 5850
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Salsabil: A fountain in Paradise.

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76:19
وَيَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمْ وِلْدَٰنٌ مُّخَلَّدُونَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ حَسِبْتَهُمْ لُؤْلُؤًا مَّنثُورًا Waya t oofu AAalayhim wild a nun mukhalladoona i tha raaytahum h asibtahum luluan manthoor a n
And immortal youths will wait upon them:18 when thou seest them, thou wouldst deem them to be scattered pearls;
  - Mohammad Asad

See note [6] on {56:17-18}.

They shall be attended by boys graced with eternal youth: when you see them, they would seem like sprinkled pearls.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
They will be waited on by eternal youths. If you saw them, you would think they were scattered pearls.
  - Mustafa Khattab
There serve them youths of everlasting youth, whom, when thou seest, thou wouldst take for scattered pearls.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And round about them will (serve) youths of perpetual (freshness): if thou seest them thou wouldst think them scattered Pearls. 5851 5852
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. lvi. 17 and n. 5231.

Pearls for beauty and splendour: scattered, because they are moving to and fro.

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76:20
وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ ثَمَّ رَأَيْتَ نَعِيمًا وَمُلْكًا كَبِيرًا Wai tha raayta thamma raayta naAAeeman wamulkan kabeer a n
and when thou seest [anything that is] there, thou wilt see [only] bliss and a realm transcendent.
  - Mohammad Asad
And which ever direction you will look, you will see blessings and the splendor of a great Kingdom.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
And if you looked around, you would see 'indescribable' bliss and a vast kingdom.
  - Mustafa Khattab
When thou seest, thou wilt see there bliss and high estate.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And when thou lookest it is there thou wilt see a Bliss and a Realm Magnificent.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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76:21
عَـٰلِيَهُمْ ثِيَابُ سُندُسٍ خُضْرٌ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٌ ۖ وَحُلُّوٓا۟ أَسَاوِرَ مِن فِضَّةٍ وَسَقَىٰهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ شَرَابًا طَهُورًا AA a liyahum thiy a bu sundusin khu d run waistabraqun wa h ulloo as a wira min fi dd atin wasaq a hum rabbuhum shar a ban t ahoor a n
Upon those [blest] will be garments of green silk and brocade; and they will be adorned with bracelets of silver.19 And their Sustainer will give them to drink of a drink most pure.20
  - Mohammad Asad

See 18:31 (where "bracelets of gold" are mentioned) and the corresponding note [41].

Implying that God Himself will slake their spiritual thirst by purifying their inner selves "of all envy, and rancour, and malice, and all that leads to harm, and all that is base in man's nature" (Ibn Kathir, quoting 'Ali ibn Abi Talib), and by allowing them to "drink" of His Own Light (Razi).

They (the residents of paradise) shall be arrayed in the garments of fine green silk and rich brocade, and adorned with bracelets of silver, and their Rabb will give them pure wine to drink.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
The virtuous will be 'dressed' in garments of fine green silk and rich brocade, and adorned with bracelets of silver, and their Lord will give them a purifying drink.1
  - Mustafa Khattab

 The word ṭahûr implies that once the believers take that pure drink, there will be no bad feelings in their hearts or ailments in their bodies.

Their raiment will be fine green silk and gold embroidery. Bracelets of silver will they wear. Their Lord will slake their thirst with a pure drink.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Upon them will be green Garments of fine silk and heavy brocade and they will be adorned with Bracelets of silver; and their Lord will give to them to drink of a Wine Pure and Holy. 5853 5854
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. xviii. 31. The bracelets are there said to be of gold.

This would seem to be the culmination of the honour which the Blessed receive at the Royal and Divine Banquet. The words in the next verse express the sort of speech which will make the Guest a denizen of Heaven.

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76:22
إِنَّ هَـٰذَا كَانَ لَكُمْ جَزَآءً وَكَانَ سَعْيُكُم مَّشْكُورًا Inna h atha k a na lakum jaz a an wak a na saAAyukum mashkoor a n
[And they will be told:] "Verily, all this is your reward, since your endeavour [in life] has met with [God's] goodly acceptance!"
  - Mohammad Asad
O believers, that's how you will be rewarded, and your endeavors appreciated.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'And they will be told,' 'All this is surely a reward for you. Your striving has been appreciated.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
(And it will be said unto them): Lo! this is a reward for you. Your endeavor (upon earth) hath found acceptance.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"Verily this is a Reward for you and your Endeavor is accepted and recognized."
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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76:23
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ تَنزِيلًا Inn a na h nu nazzaln a AAalayka alqur a na tanzeel a n
VERILY, [O believer,] it is We who have bestowed from on high this Qur'an upon thee, step by step21 truly a bestowal from on high!
  - Mohammad Asad

The gradualness of Qur'anic revelation is implied in the verbal form nazzalna.

Surely, it is We Who have sent down this Qur'an to you through gradual revelations,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Indeed, it is We Who have revealed the Quran to you 'O Prophet' in stages.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! We, even We, have revealed unto thee the Qur'an, a revelation;
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
It is We Who have sent down the Qur'an to thee by stages. 5855
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Qur-an was being revealed stage by stage as the occasion demanded and at the date of this Sura it was still one of the earlier stages. Persecution, abuse, and false charges were being levelled against the man of Allah, but he is bidden to stand firm and do his duty. In a minor degree this applies to all of us who suffer in the cause of Truth.

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76:24
فَٱصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ وَلَا تُطِعْ مِنْهُمْ ءَاثِمًا أَوْ كَفُورًا Fa i s bir li h ukmi rabbika wal a tu t iAA minhum a thiman aw kafoor a n
Await, then, in all patience thy Sustainer's judgment,22 and pay no heed to any of them who is a wilful sinner or an ingrate;
  - Mohammad Asad

This connects with the preceding mention of the life to come, in which the righteous will meet with bliss, and the evildoers with suffering.

therefore, await with patience the command of your Rabb and do not yield to any sinner or disbeliever from among the unbelievers.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
So be patient with your Lord's decree, and do not yield to any evildoer or 'staunch' disbeliever from among them.
  - Mustafa Khattab
So submit patiently to thy Lord's command, and obey not of them any guilty one or disbeliever.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Therefore be patient with constancy to the Command of thy Lord and hearken not to the sinner or the ingrate among them.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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76:25
وَٱذْكُرِ ٱسْمَ رَبِّكَ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا Wa o th kuri isma rabbika bukratan waa s eel a n
and bear in mind thy Sustainer's name23 at morn and evening
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e. His "attributes" as they manifest themselves in His creation - since the human mind can grasp only the fact of His existence and the manifestation of those "attributes", but never the "how" of His Reality (Razi).

Glorify the name of your Rabb morning and evening;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'Always' remember the Name of your Lord morning and evening,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Remember the name of thy Lord at morn and evening.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And celebrate the name of thy Lord morning and evening 5856
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Three methods of Prayer and Devotion are mentioned: (1) to remember and celebrate the holy name of Allah always; (2) to spend a part of the night in humble prostration; and (3) to glorify Him in the long hours of a weary night of waiting and watching. As to (1), "morning and evening" means all the waking hours of our life, but in the special hours of morning and evening the physical world without us, and the inner world within us, combine to make us specially receptive of spiritual influences. The "name" of Allah includes His attributes, as a locked golden casket might include priceless jewels. Any one may carry the casket, even though he may not be worthy to handle the jewels. If he carries the casket, he is in potential possession of the jewels, and he hopes some time to get the key which opens the jewels to him. So the tyro, who celebrates the holy name of Allah, hopes some day to see the "Face" of Allah and be blessed with the privilege of proximity to His Person. For (2) and (3) see next note.

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76:26
وَمِنَ ٱلَّيْلِ فَٱسْجُدْ لَهُۥ وَسَبِّحْهُ لَيْلًا طَوِيلًا Wamina allayli fa o sjud lahu wasabbi h hu laylan t aweel a n
and during some of the night,24 and prostrate thyself before Him, and extol His limitless glory throughout the long night.25
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., at all times of wakefulness.

I.e., "whenever unhappiness oppresses thee and all seems dark around thee".

prostrate before Him at night and glorify Him during the long hours of night.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
and prostrate before Him during part of the night,1 and glorify Him long at night.2
  - Mustafa Khattab

 This verse refers to the five daily prayers: the dawn prayer, then noon and afternoon prayers, then sunset and late evening prayers, respectively.

 Extra prayers offered at night. See 73:20.

And worship Him (a portion) of the night. And glorify Him through the livelong night.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And part of the night prostrate thyself to Him; and glorify Him a long night through. 5857
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

See last note. (2) Humble prostration to Allah means some visible mode of dedication. That is best done at night, when the soul, free from worldly occupations, is alone with its God. (3) The weary hours of a long night are no longer weary, but become full of meaning when we join in concert with the whole Creation, which glorifies Allah: lvii. 1.

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76:27
إِنَّ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ يُحِبُّونَ ٱلْعَاجِلَةَ وَيَذَرُونَ وَرَآءَهُمْ يَوْمًا ثَقِيلًا Inna h a ol a i yu h ibboona alAA a jilata waya th aroona war a ahum yawman thaqeel a n
Behold, they [who are unmindful of God] love this fleeting life, and leave behind them [all thought of] a grief-laden Day.
  - Mohammad Asad
These unbelievers love the transitory life of this world and neglect the heavy Day that is coming ahead.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Surely those 'pagans' love this fleeting world, 'totally' neglecting a weighty Day ahead of them.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! these love fleeting life, and put behind them (the remembrance of) a grievous day.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
As to these they love the fleeting life and put away behind them a Day (that will be) hard. 5858
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Fleeting life: Cf. lxxv. 20. They: the immediate reference was to the Pagan Quraish: the general reference is to the Unbelievers of all ages. They reject, or at least put away the thought of, a Hereafter, a Day that will be hard, for the easy pleasures of a fleeting life.

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76:28
نَّحْنُ خَلَقْنَـٰهُمْ وَشَدَدْنَآ أَسْرَهُمْ ۖ وَإِذَا شِئْنَا بَدَّلْنَآ أَمْثَـٰلَهُمْ تَبْدِيلًا Na h nu khalaqn a hum washadadn a asrahum wai tha shin a baddaln a amth a lahum tabdeel a n
[They will not admit to themselves that] it is We who have created them and strengthened their make26 - and [that], if it be Our will, We can replace them entirely with others of their kind.27
  - Mohammad Asad

1.e., endowed their bodies and minds with the ability to enjoy "this fleeting life".

I.e., with other human beings who would have the same powers of body and mind, but would put them to better use.

It is We Who created them and made their joints strong; but if We please We can replace them with others like them through a change.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
It is We Who created them and perfected their 'physical' form. But if We will, We can easily replace them with others.
  - Mustafa Khattab
We, even We, created them, and strengthened their frame. And when We will, We can replace them, bringing others like them in their stead.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
It is We Who created them and We have made their joints strong; but when We will We can substitute the like of them by a complete change. 5859 5860
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah has not only created men, but 'made their frame strong", i.e., given them the power and strength to withstand the temptations of Evil and stand firmly in the Path of Right,

If, in spite of Allah's loving care, any particular men or group of men, misuse their powers or wilfully disobey Allah's Law, Allah will set them aside, and substitute others in their place, with like powers. Allah's gifts are free, but let no one think that he can monopolise them or misuse them without being called to answer for the trust. And the man of Allah must not be discouraged by the whole world being at some moment completely against him. Allah can in a moment make a complete change. Either the same men that fought against him will be his zealous adherents, Or another generation will spring up, which will carry the flag of Righteousness to victory. Allah's Will and Plan work in their own good time.

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76:29
إِنَّ هَـٰذِهِۦ تَذْكِرَةٌ ۖ فَمَن شَآءَ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِۦ سَبِيلًا Inna h ath ihi ta th kiratun faman sh a a ittakha th a il a rabbihi sabeel a n
VERILY, all this is an admonition: whoever, then, so wills, may unto his Sustainer find a way.
  - Mohammad Asad
This is indeed an admonition, so let him who will, adopt The Way to his Rabb,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Surely this is a reminder. So let whoever wills take the 'Right' Way to their Lord.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! this is an Admonishment, that whosoever will may choose a way unto his Lord.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
This is an admonition: whosoever will let him take a (straight) Path to his Lord.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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76:30
وَمَا تَشَآءُونَ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا Wam a tash a oona ill a an yash a a All a hu inna All a ha k a na AAaleeman h akeem a n
But you cannot will it unless God wills [to show you that way]:28 for, behold, God is indeed all-seeing, wise.
  - Mohammad Asad

See note [11] on {81:28-29}. The perplexity of some of the commentators at the apparent "contradiction" between those two verses - as well as between verses {29-30} of the present surah - has been caused by their elliptic formulation, which, I believe, is resolved in my rendering. In the present instance, in particular, there is a clear connection between the above two verses and verse {3} of this surah: "We have shown him the way: [and it rests with him to prove himself] either grateful or ungrateful". (Cf. also 74:56 .)

but you cannot will, except by the will of Allah. Surely Allah is All-Knowledgeable, All-Wise.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But you cannot will 'to do so' unless Allah wills. Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Yet ye will not, unless Allah willeth. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But ye will not except as Allah wills; for Allah is full of Knowledge and Wisdom. 5861
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Man in himself is weak; he must seek Allah's Grace; without it he can do nothing; with it he can do all, For Allah knows all things, and His wisdom comprehends the good of all.

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