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Surah 87. Al-Ala

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87:11
وَيَتَجَنَّبُهَا ٱلْأَشْقَى Wayatajannabuh a alashq a
but aloof from it will remain that most hapless wretch -
  - Mohammad Asad
and he who is unfortunate will avoid it.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But it will be shunned by the most wretched,
  - Mustafa Khattab
But the most hapless will flout it,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But it will be avoided by those most unfortunate ones.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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87:12
ٱلَّذِى يَصْلَى ٱلنَّارَ ٱلْكُبْرَىٰ Alla th ee ya s l a a l nn a ra alkubr a
he who [in the life to come] shall have to endure the great fire
  - Mohammad Asad
The one who will avoid, shall burn in the gigantic fire,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
who will burn in the greatest Fire,
  - Mustafa Khattab
He who will be flung to the great fire
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Who will enter the Great Fire 6089
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Great Fire is the final Penalty or Disaster in the Hereafter, as contrasted with the minor Penalties or Disasters from which all evil suffers from within in this very life.

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87:13
ثُمَّ لَا يَمُوتُ فِيهَا وَلَا يَحْيَىٰ Thumma l a yamootu feeh a wal a ya h y a
wherein he will neither die nor remain alive.8
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., in consequence of having remained aloof from the divine reminder. (Cf. {74:2-29}.)

where he shall neither die nor live.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
where they will not 'be able to' live or die.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Wherein he will neither die nor live.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
In which they will then neither die nor live. 6090
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

A terrible picture of those who ruin their whole future by evil lives here below. They introduce a discord into Creation, while life should be one great universal concord. And their past clings to them as part of their own will. They are not even like the dry swarthy stubble mentioned in verse 5 above, which grew naturally out of the luscious pasture, for they have grown harmful, in defiance of their own nature. "Neither die nor five": Cf. xx. 74.

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87:14
قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّىٰ Qad afla h a man tazakk a
To happiness [in the life to come] will indeed attain he who attains to purity [in this world],
  - Mohammad Asad
The one who will take admonition and purify himself shall be successful,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Successful indeed are those who purify themselves,
  - Mustafa Khattab
He is successful who groweth,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But those will prosper who purify themselves. 6091 6092
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Prosper. in the highest sense; attain to Bliss or Salvation; as opposed to "enter the Fire".

The first process in godliness is to cleanse ourselves in body, mind, and soul. Then we shall be in a fit state to see and proclaim the Glory of Allah. That leads us to our actual absorption in Praise and Prayer.

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87:15
وَذَكَرَ ٱسْمَ رَبِّهِۦ فَصَلَّىٰ Wa th akara isma rabbihi fa s all a
and remembers his Sustainer's name, and prays [unto Him].
  - Mohammad Asad
who remembers the name of his Rabb and prays.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
remember the Name of their Lord, and pray.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And remembereth the name of his Lord, so prayeth.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And glorify the name of their Guardian-Lord and (lift their hearts) in Prayer.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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87:16
بَلْ تُؤْثِرُونَ ٱلْحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنْيَا Bal tuthiroona al h ay a ta a l dduny a
But nay, [0 men,] you prefer the life of this world,
  - Mohammad Asad
But O men! You prefer the life of this world;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But you 'deniers only' prefer the life of this world,
  - Mustafa Khattab
But ye prefer the life of the world
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Nay (behold) ye prefer the life of this world;
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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87:17
وَٱلْـَٔاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَىٰٓ Wa a l a khiratu khayrun waabq a
although the life to come is better and more enduring
  - Mohammad Asad
while the Hereafter is better and everlasting.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
even though the Hereafter is far better and more lasting.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Although the Hereafter is better and more lasting.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But the Hereafter is better and more enduring.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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87:18
إِنَّ هَـٰذَا لَفِى ٱلصُّحُفِ ٱلْأُولَىٰ Inna h atha lafee a l ss u h ufi alool a
Verily, [all] this has indeed been [said] in the earlier revelations -
  - Mohammad Asad
Surely the same was said in the earlier scriptures;
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
This is certainly 'mentioned' in the earlier Scriptures-
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! This is in the former scrolls,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And this is in the Books of the earliest (Revelations) 6093
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The law of righteousness and godliness is not a new law, nor are the vanity and short duration of this world preached here for the first time. But spiritual truths have to be renewed and reiterated again and again.

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87:19
صُحُفِ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ وَمُوسَىٰ S u h ufi ibr a heema wamoos a
the revelations of Abraham and Moses.9
  - Mohammad Asad

These two names are given here only as examples of earlier prophetic revelations, thus stressing, once again, the twofold fact of continuity in mankind's religious experiences and of the identity of the basic truths preached by all the prophets. (Cf. also 53:36 ff.) The noun suhuf (sing. sahifah), which literally denotes "leaves [of a book]" or "scrolls", is synonymous with kitab in all the senses of this term (Jawhari): hence, in the above context, "revelations".

the scriptures of Ibrahim (Abraham) and Musa (Moses).
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
the Scriptures of Abraham and Moses.
  - Mustafa Khattab
The Book of Abraham and Moses.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The Books of Abraham and Moses. 6094 6095
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

No Book of Abraham has come down to us. But the Old Testament recognises that Abraham was a prophet (Gen. xx. 7). There is a book in Greek, which has been translated by Mr. G.H. Box, called the Testament of Abraham (published by the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge, London, 1927). It seems to be a Greek translation of a Hebrew original. The Greek Text was probably written in the second Christian century, in Egypt, but in its present form it probably goes back only to the 9th or 10th Century. It was popular among the Christians. Perhaps the Jewish Midrash also refers to a Testament of Abraham.

The original Revelation of Moses, of which the Present Pentateuch is a surviving recension. See Appendix 11, The present Gospels do not come under the definition of the "earliest" Books. Nor could they be called "Books of Jesus': they were written not by him, but about him, and long after his death.

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