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Surah 88. Al-Ghashiyah

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Bismi All a hi a l rra h m a ni a l rra h eem i
IN THE NAME OF GOD, THE MOST GRACIOUS, THE DISPENSER OF GRACE:1
  - Mohammad Asad

According to most of the authorities, this invocation (which occurs at the beginning of every surah with the exception of surah 9) constitutes an integral part of "The Opening" and is, therefore, numbered as verse {1}. In all other instances, the invocation "in the name of God" precedes the surah as such, and is not counted among its verses. - Both the divine epithets rahman and rahim are derived from the noun rahmah, which signifies "mercy", "compassion", "loving tenderness" and, more comprehensively, "grace". From the very earliest times, Islamic scholars have endeavoured to define the exact shades of meaning which differentiate the two terms. The best and simplest of these explanations is undoubtedly the one advanced by Ibn al-Qayyim (as quoted in Manar I,48): the term rahman circumscribes the quality of abounding grace inherent in, and inseparable from, the concept of God's Being, whereas rahim expresses the manifestation of that grace in, and its effect upon, His creation - in other words, an aspect of His activity.

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
In the Name of Allah- the Most Compassionate, Most Merciful.
  - Mustafa Khattab
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
In the name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful. 19
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The Arabic words "Rahman" and "Rahim" translated "Most Gracious" and "Most Merciful" are both intensive forms referring to different aspects of God's attribute of Mercy. The Arabic intensive is more suited to express God's attributes than the superlative degree in English. The latter implies a comparison with other beings, or with other times or places, while there is no being like unto God, and He is independent of Time and Place. Mercy may imply pity, long-suffering, patience, and forgiveness, all of which the sinner needs and God Most Merciful bestows in abundant measure. But there is a Mercy that goes before even the need arises, the Grace which is ever watchful, and flows from God Most Gracious to all His creatures, protecting the, preserving them, guiding them, and leading them to clearer light and higher life. For this reason the attribute Rahman (Most Gracious) is not applied to any but God, but the attribute Rahim (Merciful), is a general term, and may also be applied to Men. To make us contemplate these boundless gifts of God, the formula: "In the name of God Most Gracious, Most Merciful": is placed before every Sura of the Qur-an (except the ninth), and repeated at the beginning of every act by the Muslim who dedicates his life to God, and whose hope is in His Mercy.

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88:1
هَلْ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ٱلْغَـٰشِيَةِ Hal at a ka h adeethu algh a shiyat i
HAS THERE COME unto thee the tiding of the Overshadowing Event?1
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., the Day of Resurrection.

Has the news of the over shadowing event of resurrection reached you?
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Has the news of the Overwhelming Event reached you 'O Prophet'?
  - Mustafa Khattab
Hath there come unto thee tidings of the Overwhelming?
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Has the story reached thee of the Overwhelming (Event)? 6096
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Gashiya: the thing or event that overshadows or overwhelms, that covers over or makes people lose their senses. In xii. 107, it is described as the "covering veil of the Wrath of Allah": where see n. 1790. The Day of Judgment is indicated, as the Event of overwhenning importance in which all our petty differences of this imperfect world are covered over and overwhelmed in a new world of perfect justice and truth.

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88:2
وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَـٰشِعَةٌ Wujoohun yawmai th in kh a shiAAa tun
Some faces will on that Day be downcast,
  - Mohammad Asad
On that Day some faces shall be downcast,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
On that Day 'some' faces will be downcast,
  - Mustafa Khattab
On that day (many) faces will be downcast,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Some faces that Day will be humiliated 6097
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. lxxv. 22, 24.

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88:3
عَامِلَةٌ نَّاصِبَةٌ AA a milatun n as iba tun
toiling [under burdens of sin], worn out [by fear],
  - Mohammad Asad
in hard labor, worn out,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'totally' overburdened, exhausted,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Toiling, weary,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Laboring (hard) weary 6098
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

On the faces of the wicked will appear the hard labour and consequent fatigue of the task they will have in battling against the fierce Fire which their own Deeds will have kindled.

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88:4
تَصْلَىٰ نَارًا حَامِيَةً Ta s l a n a ran ha miya tan
about to enter a glowing fire,
  - Mohammad Asad
scorching in the blazing fire,
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
burning in a scorching Fire,
  - Mustafa Khattab
Scorched by burning fire,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The while they enter the Blazing Fire
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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88:5
تُسْقَىٰ مِنْ عَيْنٍ ءَانِيَةٍ Tusq a min AAaynin a niya tin
given to drink from a boiling spring.
  - Mohammad Asad
given to drink from a boiling fountain.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
left to drink from a scalding spring.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Drinking from a boiling spring,
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The while they are given to drink of a boiling hot spring.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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