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Surah 5. Al-Ma'ida, Ayah 30

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فَطَوَّعَتْ لَهُۥ نَفْسُهُۥ قَتْلَ أَخِيهِ فَقَتَلَهُۥ فَأَصْبَحَ مِنَ ٱلْخَـٰسِرِينَ
Fa t awwaAAat lahu nafsuhu qatla akheehi faqatalahu faa s ba h a mina alkh a sireen a
But the other's passion37 drove him to slaying his brother; and he slew him: and thus he became one of the lost.
  - Mohammad Asad

Among the many meanings attributable to the noun nafs (primarily, "soul", or "mind", or "self"), there is also that of "desire" or "passionate determination" (Qamus, see also Zamakhshari's Asas); in this context, the best rendering seems to be "passion".

The latter's soul prompted him to kill his brother; he killed him and thus became one of the losers.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Yet Cain convinced himself to kill his brother, so he killed him- becoming a loser.
  - Mustafa Khattab
But (the other's) mind imposed on him the killing of his brother, so he slew him and became one of the losers.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
The (selfish) soul of the other led him to the murder of his brother: he murdered him and became (himself) one of the lost ones. 734
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The innocent unselfish pleading of the younger brother had no effect, for the soul of the other was full of pride, selfishness and jealousy. He committed the murder, but in doing so, ruined his own self.

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