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Surah 17. Al-Israa, Ayah 15

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مَّنِ ٱهْتَدَىٰ فَإِنَّمَا يَهْتَدِى لِنَفْسِهِۦ ۖ وَمَن ضَلَّ فَإِنَّمَا يَضِلُّ عَلَيْهَا ۚ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ۗ وَمَا كُنَّا مُعَذِّبِينَ حَتَّىٰ نَبْعَثَ رَسُولًا
Mani ihtad a fainnam a yahtadee linafsihi waman d alla fainnam a ya d illu AAalayh a wal a taziru w a ziratun wizra okhr a wam a kunn a muAAa thth ibeena h att a nabAAatha rasool a n
Whoever chooses to follow the right path, follows it but for his own good; and whoever goes astray, goes but astray to his own hurt; and no bearer of burdens shall be made to bear another's burden.19 Moreover, We would never chastise [any community for the wrong they may do] ere We have sent an apostle [to them].20
  - Mohammad Asad

Sc., "so that they might fully understand the meaning of right and wrong": cf. {6:131-132} and the corresponding note [117], as well as 28:59 (which, in the chronology of revelation, immediately precedes the present surah).

See 6:164 , 35:18 and 39:7 , as well as the corresponding notes, also 53:38 , which represents the earliest Qur'anic statement of this fundamental principle of ethics.

He that seeks guidance, shall be guided to his own advantage, but he that goes astray does so to his own loss. No bearer shall bear the burden of another on the Day of Judgement. And during your worldly life, We do not inflict punishment until We send forth a Rasool to make truth distinct from falsehood.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Whoever chooses to be guided, it is only for their own good. And whoever chooses to stray, it is only to their own loss. No soul burdened with sin will bear the burden of another. And We would never punish 'a people' until We have sent a messenger 'to warn them'.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Whosoever goeth right, it is only for (the good of) his own soul that he goeth right, and whosoever erreth, erreth only to its hurt. No laden soul can bear another's load. We never punish until We have sent a messenger.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Who receiveth guidance receiveth it for his own benefit: who goeth astray doth so to his own loss: no bearer of burdens can bear the burden of another: nor would We visit with Our Wrath until We had sent an apostle (to give warning). 2190 2191
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The doctrine of personal responsibility is insisted on, and the basis of ethics is shown to be our own good or evil as furthering or obstructing our highest development.

The doctrine of vicarious atonement is condemned. Salvation for the wicked cannot be attained by the punishment of the innocent. One man cannot bear the burden of another: that would be unjust. Every man must bear his own personal responsibility. Cf. vi. 164. But Allah never visits His wrath on anyone until due warning is conveyed to him through an accredited messenger.

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