يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِن تَتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّكُمْ فُرْقَانًا وَيُكَفِّرْ عَنكُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو ٱلْفَضْلِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ Qur’an Al-Anfal (8:29)Y a ayyuh a alla th eena a m a noo in tattaqoo All a ha yajAAal lakum furq a nan wayukaffir AAankum sayyi a tikum wayaghfir lakum wa A ll a hu th oo alfa d li alAAa th eem i
I.e., the faculty of moral valuation (Manar IX, 648). See also surah {2}, note [38].
Cf. ii. 53 and ii. 185. The battle of Badr is called the Furqan in Muslim theology, because it was the first trial of strength by battle, in Islam, between the powers of good and evil. Evil was defeated, and those who had real faith were tested and sorted out from those who had not faith enough to follow the banner of Faith. See also viii. 41 and n. 1210.