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Surah 7. Al-A'raf

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7:196
إِنَّ وَلِـِّۧىَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى نَزَّلَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ ۖ وَهُوَ يَتَوَلَّى ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ Inna waliyyiya All a hu alla th ee nazzala alkit a ba wahuwa yatawall a a l ssa li h een a
Verily, my protector is God, who has bestowed this divine writ from on high: for it is He who protects the righteous,
  - Mohammad Asad
My protector is Allah Who has revealed this Book and He is the protecting friend of the righteous.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
'Indeed, my Protector is Allah Who has revealed this Book. For He 'alone' protects the righteous.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! my Protecting Friend is Allah who revealeth the Scripture. He befriendeth the righteous.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"For my protector is Allah Who revealed the Book (from time to time) and He will choose and befriend the righteous.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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7:197
وَٱلَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ نَصْرَكُمْ وَلَآ أَنفُسَهُمْ يَنصُرُونَ Wa a lla th eena tadAAoona min doonihi l a yasta t eeAAoona na s rakum wal a anfusahum yan s uroon a
whereas all those whom you invoke in His stead are neither able to give you succour nor can succour themselves;
  - Mohammad Asad
On the contrary, those whom you call besides Him have neither the ability to help you, nor can they help themselves.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But those 'false gods' you call besides Him can neither help you nor even themselves.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
They on whom ye call beside Him have no power to help you, nor can they help themselves.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
"But those ye call upon besides Him are unable to help you and indeed to help themselves."
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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7:198
وَإِن تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى ٱلْهُدَىٰ لَا يَسْمَعُوا۟ ۖ وَتَرَىٰهُمْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ وَهُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ Wain tadAAoohum il a alhud a l a yasmaAAoo watar a hum yan th uroona ilayka wahum l a yub s iroon a
and if you pray unto them for guidance, they do not hear; and though thou mayest imagine that they behold thee,161 they do not see."
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "though thou seest them looking at thee" - but since the pronoun "them" in tarahum ("thou seest them") refers to mental images no less than to physical representations, the verb must be understood in its abstract sense of "seeing with the mind", i.e., "considering" or "imagining". In contrast with the preceding passages, which are addressed to those who actually invoke false deities or images, the last sentence is addressed to man in general, sinner and believer alike: and this generalization is brought out by changing the form of address from "you" to "thou".

If you call them to guidance, they cannot even hear what you say, although it appears as if they are looking at you, they do not see.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
If you 'idolaters' call them to guidance, they cannot hear. And you 'O Prophet' may see them facing towards you, but they cannot see.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And if ye (Muslims) call them to the Guidance they hear not; and thou (Muhammad) seest them looking toward thee, but they see not.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
If thou callest them to guidance they hear not. Thou wilt see them looking at thee but they see not. 1169
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The beauty and righteousness of Al-Mustafa's life were acknowledged on all hands, until he received the mission to preach and to fight against evil. What happened then? Evil erected barricades for itself. It had eyes, but it refused to see. It had ears, but it refused to hear. It had intelligence, but it blocked up its channels of understanding. Even now, after Fourteen Centuries, a life of unexampled purity, probity, justice, and righteousness is seen in false lights by blind detractors!

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7:199
خُذِ ٱلْعَفْوَ وَأْمُرْ بِٱلْعُرْفِ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ ٱلْجَـٰهِلِينَ Khu th i alAAafwa wamur bi a lAAurfi waaAAri d AAani alj a hileen a
MAKE due allowance for man's nature,162 and enjoin the doing of what is right; and leave alone all those who choose to remain ignorant.163
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "accept what is easily forthcoming [from man's nature]". According to Zamakhshari, khudh al-'afw means: "Accept what comes easily to thee [or "what is willingly accorded to thee"] of the doings and the nature of men, and make things easy [for them], without causing them undue hardship (kulfah); and do not demand of them efforts that may be too difficult for them." This interpretation - which has been adopted by many other classical commentators as well - is based on the identical explanation of the phrase khudh al 'afw by 'Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr and his brother 'Urwah (Bukhari), as well as by 'A'ishah and, in the next generation, by Hisham ibn 'Urwah and Mujahid (see Tabari, Baghawi and Ibn Kathir). Thus, in accordance with the Qur'anic statements that "man has been created weak" 4:28 and that "God does not burden any human being with more than he is well able to bear" ( 2:286 , 6:152 , 7:42 , 23:62 ), the believer is admonished to make due allowance for human nature and not to be too harsh with those who err. This admonition is the more remarkable as it follows immediately upon a discourse on the most unforgivable of all sins - the ascribing of divine powers or qualities to anyone or anything but God.

Lit., "the ignorant ones" - i.e., those who wilfully remain deaf to moral truths, and not those who are simply unaware of them.

Show forgiveness, speak for justice and avoid the ignorant.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Be gracious, enjoin what is right, and turn away from those who act ignorantly.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Keep to forgiveness (O Muhammad), and enjoin kindness, and turn away from the ignorant.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Hold to forgiveness; command what is right; but turn away from the ignorant. 1170
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah comforts the Prophet and directs his mind to three precepts: (1) to forgive injuries, insults, and persecution; (2) to continue to declare the faith that was in him, and not only to declare it, but to act up to it in all his dealings with friends and foes; (3) to pay no attention to ignorant fools, who raised doubts or difficulties, hurled taunts or reproaches, or devised plots to defeat the truth: they were to be ignored and passed by, not to be engaged in fights and fruitless controversies, or conciliated by compromises.

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7:200
وَإِمَّا يَنزَغَنَّكَ مِنَ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ نَزْغٌ فَٱسْتَعِذْ بِٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ Waimm a yanzaghannaka mina a l shshay ta ni nazghun fa i staAAi th bi A ll a hi innahu sameeAAun AAaleem un
And if it should happen that a prompting from Satan stirs thee up [to blind anger],164 seek refuge with God: behold, He is all-hearing, all-knowing.
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., anger at the rejection of the truth by "those who choose to remain ignorant". The words "to blind anger" interpolated between brackets are based on a Tradition according to which the Prophet, after the revelation of the preceding verse calling for forbearance, exclaimed, "And what about [justified] anger, O my Sustainer?" - whereupon the above verse was revealed to him (Tabari, Zamakhshari, Razi, Ibn Kathir).

If Shaitan tempts you, seek refuge with Allah; for He is the one Who is All Hearing, Knowing.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
If you are tempted by Satan, then seek refuge with Allah. Surely He is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And if a slander from the devil wound thee, then seek refuge in Allah. Lo! He is Hearer, Knower.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
If a suggestion from satan assail thy (mind) seek refuge with Allah; for He heareth and knoweth (all things). 1171
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Even a Prophet of Allah is but human. He might think that revenge or retaliation, or a little tactful silence when evil stalks abroad, or some compromise with ignorance, might be best for the cause. He is to reject such suggestions.

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7:201
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوْا۟ إِذَا مَسَّهُمْ طَـٰٓئِفٌ مِّنَ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ تَذَكَّرُوا۟ فَإِذَا هُم مُّبْصِرُونَ Inna alla th eena ittaqaw i tha massahum ta ifun mina a l shshay ta ni ta th akkaroo fai tha hum mub s iroon a
Verily, they who are conscious of God bethink themselves [of Him] whenever any dark suggestion from Satan touches them165 - whereupon, lo! they begin to see [things] clearly,
  - Mohammad Asad

The noun ta'if (also forthcoming in the forms tayf and tayyif denotes any ungraspable phantom, image or suggestion, as in a dream, or "an imperceptible obsession which obscures the mind" (Taj al-'Arus). Since, in the above context, it is described as coming from Satan, "a dark suggestion" seems to be an appropriate rendering.

Those who fear Allah, when they are tempted by Shaitan, they have but to remember Allah and they shall see the light (right course of action)!
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Indeed, when Satan whispers to those mindful 'of Allah', they remember 'their Lord' then they start to see 'things' clearly.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! those who ward off (evil), when a glamour from the devil troubleth them, they do but remember (Allah's guidance) and behold them seers!
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Those who fear Allah when a thought of evil from satan assaults them bring Allah to remembrance when lo! they see (aright)! 1172
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Allah protects His own, as no one else can. He is the sure refuge-and the only one-for men of faith. If we are confused or angry, being blinded by this world, He will open our eyes.

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7:202
وَإِخْوَٰنُهُمْ يَمُدُّونَهُمْ فِى ٱلْغَىِّ ثُمَّ لَا يُقْصِرُونَ Waikhw a nuhum yamuddoonahum fee alghayyi thumma l a yuq s iroon a
even though their [godless] brethren would [like to] draw them into error:166 and then they cannot fail [to do what is right].
  - Mohammad Asad

I.e., by goading them to anger or trying to engage them in futile argument. "Their brethren" are those who wilfully remain ignorant of the truth (with the pronoun referring to the God-conscious). The conjunctive particle wa preceding this clause has here the meaning of "although" or "even though".

As for Shaitan's brothers, they drag them deeper into error and never relax their efforts.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
But the devils persistently plunge their 'human' associates1 deeper into wickedness, sparing no effort.
  - Mustafa Khattab

 lit., their brothers.

Their brethren plunge them further into error and cease not.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
But their brethren (the evil ones) plunge them deeper into error and never relax (their efforts). 1173
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

We go back to consider the ungodly, whom we left at verse 198, in order to be taught our behaviour towards evil. The forces of evil never relax their efforts to draw their "brethren" (those who go into their family) deeper and deeper into the mire of sin and destruction.

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7:203
وَإِذَا لَمْ تَأْتِهِم بِـَٔايَةٍ قَالُوا۟ لَوْلَا ٱجْتَبَيْتَهَا ۚ قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَتَّبِعُ مَا يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَىَّ مِن رَّبِّى ۚ هَـٰذَا بَصَآئِرُ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ Wai tha lam tatihim bi a yatin q a loo lawl a ijtabaytah a qul innam a attabiAAu m a yoo ha ilayya min rabbee h atha ba sa iru min rabbikum wahudan wara h matun liqawmin yuminoon a
And yet, when thou [O Prophet] dost not produce any miracle for them, some [people] say, "Why dost thou not seek to obtain it [from God]?"167 Say: "I only follow whatever is being revealed to me by my Sustainer: this [revelation] is a means of insight from your Sustainer, and a guidance and grace unto people who will believe.
  - Mohammad Asad

Sc., "if thou art really His apostle" (cf. 6:37 and {109}, and the corresponding notes). Some of the commentators assume that the term ayah - translated by me as "miracle" - denotes here a verbal "message" which would answer the objections of those who did not believe in the Prophet. Since, however, the continuous revelation of the Qur'an was full of such messages, the demand of the unbelievers must have related to some particular manifestation or "proof" of his divinely-inspired mission: namely, to a concrete miracle which would establish the truth of his claim in a supposedly "objective" manner. In its wider implication, the above verse relates to the primitive mentality of all who regard miracles, and not the message itself, as the only valid "proof" of prophethood.

When you, O Muhammad, do not bring them a revelation, they say: "Have you not yet invented?" Tell them: "I follow only what is revealed to me from my Rabb. This Book contains veritable insight from your Rabb, a guidance and blessing for the true believers."
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
If you 'O Prophet' do not bring them a sign 'which they demanded', they ask, 'Why do you not make it yourself?' Say, 'I only follow what is revealed to me from my Lord. This 'Quran' is an insight from your Lord- a guide and a mercy for those who believe.'
  - Mustafa Khattab
And when thou bringest not a verse for them they say: Why hast thou not chosen it? Say: I follow only that which is inspired in me from my Lord. This (Qur'an) is insight from your Lord, and a guidance and a mercy for a people that believe.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
If thou bring them not a revelation they say: "Why hast thou not got it together?" Say: "I but follow what is revealed to me from my Lord: This is (nothing but) lights from your Lord and guidance and mercy for any who have faith." 1174 1175
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

"Ayat" here, I think, means specially an Ayat of the Holy Qur-an. The infidels did not believe in revelation, and used to taunt the Holy Prophet, as much as to say that he used to put together words and promulgate them as revelation. The answer is contained in the sentence that follows. No human composition could contain the beauty, power, and spiritual insight of the Qur-An. Without inspiration it is impossible to suppose that a man, with or without literary and philosophic training could produce such a book as the Qur-an. Commentators of the Qur-An, however, consider Ayah here to refer to miracle as the context seems to evidence.

"Lights": eyes, faculty of spiritual insight. The revelation is for us (1) spiritual eyes, (2) guidance, and (3) mercy, (1) is the highest in degree: just as a blind man, if he is given eyes and the faculty of sight, is at once removed into an entirely new world, so those who can reach the stage of spiritual insight pass into and become citizens of a wholly new spiritual World, (2) is next in degree; the man of the world can act up to the teaching about right conduct and prepare for the Hereafter, (3) is the Mercy of Allah, free to every one, saint and sinner, who sincerely believes and puts his trust in Allah.

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7:204
وَإِذَا قُرِئَ ٱلْقُرْءَانُ فَٱسْتَمِعُوا۟ لَهُۥ وَأَنصِتُوا۟ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ Wai tha quria alqur a nu fa i stamiAAoo lahu waan s itoo laAAallakum tur h amoon a
Hence, when the Qur'an is voiced, hearken unto it, and listen in silence, so that you might be graced with [God's] mercy."
  - Mohammad Asad
When the Qur'an is recited, listen to it with complete silence so that you may be shown mercy.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
When the Quran is recited, listen to it attentively and be silent, so you may be shown mercy.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And when the Qur'an is recited, give ear to it and pay heed, that ye may obtain mercy.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
When the Qur'an is read listen to it with attention and hold your peace: that ye may receive Mercy.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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7:205
وَٱذْكُر رَّبَّكَ فِى نَفْسِكَ تَضَرُّعًا وَخِيفَةً وَدُونَ ٱلْجَهْرِ مِنَ ٱلْقَوْلِ بِٱلْغُدُوِّ وَٱلْـَٔاصَالِ وَلَا تَكُن مِّنَ ٱلْغَـٰفِلِينَ Wa o th kur rabbaka fee nafsika ta d arruAAan wakheefatan wadoona aljahri mina alqawli bi a lghuduwwi wa a l asa li wal a takun mina algh a fileen a
And bethink thyself of thy Sustainer humbly and with awe, and without raising thy voice, at morn and at evening; and do not allow thyself to be heedless.
  - Mohammad Asad
Bring your Rabb to remembrance deep in your soul with humility and in reverence without raising your voice, both in the mornings and in the evenings; and be not of those who are heedless.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Remember your Lord inwardly with humility and reverence and in a moderate tone of voice, both morning and evening. And do not be one of the heedless.
  - Mustafa Khattab
And do thou [O Muhammad) remember thy Lord within thyself humbly and with awe, below thy breath, at morn and evening. And be thou not of the neglectful.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
And do thou (O reader!) bring thy Lord to remembrance in thy (very) soul with humility and in reverence without loudness in words in the mornings and evenings; and be not thou of those who are unheedful.
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

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7:206
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ عِندَ رَبِّكَ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِۦ وَيُسَبِّحُونَهُۥ وَلَهُۥ يَسْجُدُونَ ۩ Inna alla th eena AAinda rabbika l a yastakbiroona AAan AAib a datihi wayusabbi h oonahu walahu yasjudoon a
Behold, those who are near unto thy Sustainer168 are never too proud to worship Him; and they extol His limitless glory, and prostrate themselves before Him [alone].
  - Mohammad Asad

Lit., "those who are with thy Sustainer": a metaphorical description of utter God-consciousness.

Surely those who are close to your Rabb do not feel too proud to worship Him; they declare His glory and prostrate themselves before Him.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
Surely those 'angels' nearest to your Lord are not too proud to worship Him. They glorify Him. And to Him they prostrate.
  - Mustafa Khattab
Lo! those who are with thy Lord are not too proud to do Him service, but they praise Him and adore Him.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
Those who are near to thy Lord disdain not to do Him worship: They celebrate His praises and bow down before Him. 1176 1177
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

The higher you are in spiritual attainment, the more is your desire and your opportunity to serve and worship your Lord and Cherisher and the Lord and Cherisher of all the worlds: and the greater is your pride in that service and that worship.

At this stage a Sajda or prostration is indicated, as a sign of our humble acceptance of the privilege of serving and worshipping Allah,-a fitting close to Sura in which we are led, through a contemplation of the stories of the Messengers of Allah, to the meaning of revelation and its relation to our moral and spiritual progress.

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