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Surah 84. Al-Inshiqaq
Ayah 16 - 25
١٦. فَلَآ أُقْسِمُ بِٱلشَّفَقِ
١٧. وَٱلَّيْلِ وَمَا وَسَقَ
١٨. وَٱلْقَمَرِ إِذَا ٱتَّسَقَ
١٩. لَتَرْكَبُنَّ طَبَقًا عَن طَبَقٍ
٢٠. فَمَا لَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ
٢١. وَإِذَا قُرِئَ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْقُرْءَانُ لَا يَسْجُدُونَ ۩
٢٢. بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ يُكَذِّبُونَ
٢٣. وَٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُوعُونَ
٢٤. فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
٢٥. إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ لَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍۭ
[16-25] So no! I swear by the twilight and the night and what it gathers together, and the moon when it grows full, that you have surely to pass from one state to another gradually.11 Then, what is the matter with these people that they do not believe, and when the Qur'an is recited before them, they do not fall prostrate?12 But, on the contrary, the disbelievers deny, although Allah knows best what they are collecting (in their record).13 Therefore, give them the good news of a painful torment. However, those who have believed and done righteous deeds, shall have a reward that will never fail.
11That is, "You will not remain in one and the same state, but will have to pass through countless stages gradually, from youth to old age, from old age to death, from death to barzakh (the intermediary state between death and Resurrection), from barzakh to Resurrections from Resurrection to the Plain of Assembly, then to the Reckoning, and then to the meting out of rewards and punishments. An oath has been sworn by three things to confine this:
(1) by the twilight,
(2) by the darkness of night and the gathering together in it of all those human beings and animals who remain scattered in the day time, and
(3) by the moon's passing through different phases to become full. These are some of those things which testify that rest and stillness is unknown in the universe in which man lives. There is a continuous and gradual change taking place everywhere. Therefore, the disbelievers are wrong in thinking that life comes to an end after man has breathed his last.
12"They do not fall prostrate": they do not bow down to God out of fear of Him. To perform a sajdah (prostration) here is confirmed by the practice of the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace). lmam Malik, Muslim and Nasa'i have related a tradition concerning Hadrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), saying that he recited this Surah in the Prayer and performing a sajdah here said: "The Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace) performed a sajdah at this point." Bukhari; Muslim, Abu Da'ud and Nasa'i have cited this statement of Abu Rafi`: "Hadrat Abu Huraira recited this Surah in the 'Isha' Prayer and performed a sajdah When I asked why he had done so, he replied: I prayed under the leadership of Abul Qasim (upon whom be Allah's peace) and he performed a sajdah here. Therefore, I will continue to perform this sajdah likewise as long as 1 live." Muslim, Abu Da'ud, Tirmidhi, Nasa'i, Ibn Majah and others have related another tradition saying that Hadrat Abu Huraira said: "We performed sajdah behind the Holy Messenger of Allah in this Surah and in Iqra' bi-ismi Rabbik-alladhi khalaq.
13Another meaning also can be: "Allah knows best what tilth of disbelief, malice, hostility to the Truth and evil intentions and designs they keep tilled in their breasts."