Sahih Muslim Book - 54, Hadith - 7528

حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ وَحَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجِيبِىُّ - قَالَ أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ حَدَّثَنَا وَقَالَ حَرْمَلَةُ أَخْبَرَنَا - ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِى يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِى عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِى الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَى وَثُلاَثَ وَرُبَاعَ) قَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِى هِىَ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِى حَجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا تُشَارِكُهُ فِى مَالِهِ فَيُعْجِبُهُ مَالُهَا وَجَمَالُهَا فَيُرِيدُ وَلِيُّهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِغَيْرِ أَنْ يُقْسِطَ فِى صَدَاقِهَا فَيُعْطِيَهَا مِثْلَ مَا يُعْطِيهَا غَيْرُهُ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهُنَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ وَيَبْلُغُوا بِهِنَّ أَعْلَى سُنَّتِهِنَّ مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ وَأُمِرُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَهُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ سِوَاهُنَّ. قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ اسْتَفْتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ فِيهِنَّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ (يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِى النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِى الْكِتَابِ فِى يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللاَّتِى لاَ تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ ). قَالَتْ وَالَّذِى ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِى الْكِتَابِ الآيَةُ الأُولَى الَّتِى قَالَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِى الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ ). قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَقَوْلُ اللَّهِ فِى الآيَةِ الأُخْرَى (وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ) رَغْبَةَ أَحَدِكُمْ عَنِ الْيَتِيمَةِ الَّتِى تَكُونُ فِى حَجْرِهِ حِينَ تَكُونُ قَلِيلَةَ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا رَغِبُوا فِى مَالِهَا وَجَمَالِهَا مِنْ يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ إِلاَّ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنْ أَجْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ عَنْهُنَّ.

'Urwah bin Az-Zubair narrated that he asked 'Aishah about the Verse in which Allah, the Mighty and Sublime says: "And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice, two or three, or four..." She said: "O son of my sister, that refers to an orphan girl who is in the care of her guardian, sharing his wealth and he admires her wealth and her beauty, and her guardian wants to marry her without giving her a fair dowry or giving her what someone else would give her. So they were forbidden to marry them (such orphans) unless they were fair to them, and gave them the full amount to which they were entitled for a dowry, and they were commanded to marry other women of their choice." 'Urwah said: "Aishah said: 'Then after this verse (was revealed), the people began to ask the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) about them (orphan girls) and Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, revealed the words: "They ask your legal instruction concerning women, say: Allah instructs you about them, and about what is recited to you in the Book concerning the orphan girls whom you give not the prescribed portions (as regards dowry and inheritance) and yet whom you desire to marry..." She said: 'What Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, said to you, is what is recited to you in the Book, the first Verse in which Allah says: "And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice..." 'Aishah said: 'And Allah says in the second Verse: "...yet whom you desire to marry..." as you would not think of marrying an orphan girl in your care when she is lacking in wealth and beauty, so they were forbidden to marry orphan women whose wealth and beauty they desired, unless they did so fairly."'