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حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، أَنْبَأَنَا مُطَرِّفٌ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جُحَيْفَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَلِيٍّ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ سَوْدَاءُ فِي بَيْضَاءَ لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: لَا، وَالَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ، وَبَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ، مَا عَلِمْتُهُ إِلَّا فَهْمًا يُعْطِيهِ اللَّهُ رَجُلًا فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَمَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ ، قُلْتُ: وَمَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ ؟ قَالَ: الْعَقْلُ، وَفِكَاكُ الْأَسِيرِ، وَأَنْ لَا يُقْتَلَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ . قَالَ: وَفِي الْبَاب، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: حَدِيثُ عَلِيٍّ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ: سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، وَمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، وَالشَّافِعِيِّ، وَأَحْمَدَ، وَإِسْحَاق، قَالُوا: لَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ، وقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: يُقْتَلُ الْمُسْلِمُ بِالْمُعَاهِدِ، وَالْقَوْلُ الْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ.
Abu Juhaifah said: I said to 'Ali: O Commander of the Believers! Do you have anything written that is not in Allah's Book?' He said: 'By the One Who splits the seed and creates the soul, I have not learned from it except what understanding of the Qur'an Allah gives to a man, and what is in this sheet of paper.' I said: 'What is in the paper?' He said: 'It is the 'Aql, the (ransom for) release of captives, and the judgement that no believer is killed for a disbeliever.'
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"When a person dies, his works end, except for three: ongoing charity, knowledge that is benefited from, and a righteous child who prays for him."
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH)
"The best of what a man leaves behind are three: a righteous child who supplicates for him, ongoing charity the reward of which reaches him, and knowledge that is acted upon after him."
Sunan Ibn Mājah
"Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says, 'O Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your Cause,' and the other (angel) says, 'O Allah! Destroy every miser.'"
Sahih Bukhari