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Surah 35. Fatir, Ayah 45

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35. Fatir
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وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلنَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُوا۟ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَىٰ ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ وَلَـٰكِن يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ۖ فَإِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِعِبَادِهِۦ بَصِيرًۢا
Walaw yu a khi th u All a hu a l nn a sa bim a kasaboo m a taraka AAal a th ahrih a min d a bbatin wal a kin yuakhkhiruhum il a ajalin musamman fai tha j a a ajaluhum fainna All a ha k a na biAAib a dihi ba s eer a n
Now if God were to take men [at once] to task for whatever [wrong] they commit [on earth], He would not leave a single living creature upon its surface. However, He grants them respite for a term set [by Him]:35 but when their term comes to an end - then, verily, [they come to know that] God sees all that is in Ithe hearts ofl His servants.
  - Mohammad Asad

Or: "known [to Him alone]" - i.e., the end of their lives on earth.

If it was Allah's will to punish people for their misdeeds, He would have not left any living creature around them on the surface of the earth, but He is giving them respite for an appointed time; when their appointed time will come, they shall realize that in fact Allah has been watching His servants all along.
  - Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik
If Allah were to punish people 'immediately' for what they have committed, He would not have left a single living being on earth. But He delays them for an appointed term. And when their time arrives, then surely Allah is All-Seeing of His servants.
  - Mustafa Khattab
If Allah took mankind to task by that which they deserve, He would not leave a living creature on the surface of the earth; but He reprieveth them unto an appointed term, and when their term cometh--then verily (they will know that) Allah is ever Seer of His slaves.
  - Marmaduke Pickthall
If Allah were to punish men according to what they deserve He would not leave on the back of the (earth) a single living creature: but He gives them respite for a stated Term: when their Term expires verily Allah has in his sight all His servants. 3940 3941 3942
  - Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Cf. xvi. 61. There would be no salvation for any of us if we went merely on our deserts. It is Allah's mercy that saves us and helps us to a better and better life until we attain the goal of our existence.

A single living creature. This may refer to man, the living crawling creature, with so many possibilities and yet so many weaknesses. But it may mean all creatures literally, as the life of this planet more or less centres round the life of man. He has been given dominion on this earth, and in his state of purity he is Allah's vicegerent.

Has in His sight all creatures: i.e., to deal with, according to His laws of Forbearance, Mercy and Justice: see n. 3937 above. The respite does not mean that any one escapes Hiis vigilant eye. All will be dealt with according to their deeds, with justice tempered with Mercy.

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