Qur’an and Modern Science

Wet cupping therapy (Al-Hijamah) has been shown to reduce oxidative stress, alleviate pain, and improve hematological parameters in various conditions, including viral hepatitis and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Nigella sativa has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Clinical studies support its use in managing asthma, allergic rhinitis, and metabolic disorders.

Olive oil (from Olea europaea) holds a significant place in Prophetic Medicine: classical sources report that the Prophet (ﷺ) encouraged both ingesting and applying it, describing it as a blessing from a “blessed tree”. Modern scientific investigations support many of its health-promoting attributes. Clinical and experimental studies show that extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is rich in monounsaturated fats and bioactive phenolic compounds (such as hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, oleocanthal) which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and anticancer effects. While the Prophetic-narration claims a remedy for “seventy diseases” and topical use in various ailments, modern research confirms broad benefits (especially for cardiovascular health, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative risk, and some gastrointestinal disorders) though not strictly in the same terms. The traditional guidance aligns remarkably well with a current understanding of olive oil as a functional food and therapeutic adjunct.

Dates—and especially the Ajwa variety—are highlighted in Prophetic medicine for their spiritual protection and nutritional benefits. Modern pharmacological research supports many of these benefits: Ajwa date extracts have shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects, beneficial effects on lipid profile, liver and kidney protection, and rich micronutrient content. While the exact protection against poison or magic cannot be scientifically validated in the same terms, the biological benefits provide a plausible basis for the traditional recommendation.

Honey exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. Studies confirm its efficacy in treating gastric ulcers and deep neck abscesses.

Islamic health principles, encompassing physical, mental, and spiritual aspects, align with modern lifestyle components recognized by the World Health Organization, promoting overall well-being.

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of Islamic habits and practices that contribute to both spiritual and physical well-being, emphasizing the holistic approach of Islam to health.

The Qur’an describes the heavens and earth as once joined and then separated (21:30), refers to the heavens being ‘expanded’ (51:47), and likens the early sky to smoke (41:11). Modern cosmological research supports these ideas. For example, studies on the **Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)** (PMC5253920) show that the universe was once extremely hot and dense and then cooled as it expanded. Observational evidence of galaxy recession (PMC314128, PMC4371983) confirms Hubble’s discovery of cosmic expansion. Computational cosmology (PMC5255573) models the universe’s evolution from an initial singularity (or near-singularity) through expansion phases, mirroring the Qur’anic theme of a cosmic beginning and growth. While these scientific papers do not reference religious texts, their findings resonate closely with the Qur’anic descriptions of the early universe.

This qualitative study explores the perspectives of Muslim scholars on the importance of engaging in physical activity for health and well-being from an Islamic perspective.

This article discusses the rise of obesity in Muslim countries and provides lifestyle recommendations based on Islamic teachings to promote healthy living and prevent obesity.

This study examines how faith and science mindsets interact. The Quran encourages observation, understanding, and reasoning in order to strengthen belief and informed decision-making.

Verse 17:82 calls the Qur'an 'a healing and a mercy.' Clinical and review studies report reductions in anxiety, stress and improved wellbeing associated with listening, reciting, or memorizing Qur'anic text, supporting psychological/non-pharmacological benefits.

The Qur’an describes mountains as 'pegs' that stabilize the Earth — imagery remarkably consistent with modern geology. Scientific research on plate tectonics and isostasy confirms that mountains, with deep roots extending into the mantle, help maintain crustal equilibrium and contribute to the planet’s geological stability.

The Qur’an vividly describes the water cycle — rain sent down, absorbed by the Earth, and reviving vegetation. Hydrological research affirms this continuous cycle as vital for sustaining life, regulating climate, and maintaining ecological balance, reflecting divine wisdom in natural design.

The Qur’an describes the sky as a protective canopy and a system of ordered layers. Modern atmospheric science reveals that Earth's atmosphere comprises multiple layers — the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere — each serving crucial protective roles, from filtering harmful radiation to stabilizing temperature and enabling life. This harmony between revelation and research reflects divine precision in the balance of creation.

The Qur’an states that all living beings were created from water — a claim consistent with modern biological understanding that water is the essential medium for life. Research in molecular biology, biochemistry, and astrobiology confirms that water’s unique chemical properties enable cell formation, metabolic reactions, and the stability of biomolecules. Life on Earth, from microorganisms to humans, depends entirely on water for origin and sustenance.

Verse 13:28 notes the heart's tranquility through remembrance. Trials and systematic reviews show Qur'anic recitation/listening can reduce preoperative anxiety and general anxiety symptoms among Muslim patients.

Qur'an and Hadith reference dates and wholesome foods; nutritional analyses show dates provide fiber, micronutrients and antioxidants, supporting energy and maternal nutrition in traditional diets.

Honey is praised in scripture and hadith. Modern reviews support honey's antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects (clinical and lab evidence, including medical-grade honey).

Olive oil appears in Qur'anic imagery and tradition. Systematic reviews and cohort analyses show extra-virgin olive oil consumption is associated with lower cardiovascular risk and beneficial lipid/metabolic effects.

Fasting during Ramadan is a prescribed act of worship. Studies report many metabolic changes — weight, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile may improve in some groups, though results vary by diet, sleep and comorbidity.

Ritual washing (wudu) embeds frequent hand/face/foot washing in daily life. Public-health literature highlights handwashing's role in reducing transmissible infections — a cultural practice aligning with infection prevention.

Qur'an specifies recommended breastfeeding duration. Contemporary studies show exclusive breastfeeding's advantages for infant immunity, nutrition and maternal health; Islamic guidance supports these public-health aims.

The Qur’an vividly describes human creation in progressive stages — from a drop (nutfah) to a clot-like form (‘alaqah), to a lump (‘mudghah’), and then into bones clothed with flesh. Modern embryology confirms that human development follows these sequential morphological transformations, each governed by complex molecular and genetic processes. The Qur’anic depiction mirrors the order and precision discovered centuries later in scientific research, highlighting divine insight into human formation.

Qur'anic language describes sleep as restorative. Modern metabolism and neuroendocrine literature connects sleep patterns with metabolic health, immune function and mental wellbeing.

Remembrance and gratitude practices promoted in Qur'an/Hadith are associated with improved psychological resilience. Evidence supports positive impacts of spiritual practices on depression and anxiety measures in many studies.

Miswak is advocated in Hadith. Contemporary dental research finds miswak has antibacterial properties and can improve oral hygiene when used correctly, complementing modern oral care.

Islamic bioethical reasoning interacts with modern biomedical data when addressing vaccines, organ donation and pandemic responses. Scholarly work shows frameworks for permissibility and public health obligations in Islamic jurisprudence.

Traditional topical remedies (oils, honey, herbal salves) appear in prophetic tradition. Modern dermatology research investigates some of these (e.g., honey for wounds, olive oil effects) with supportive but selective evidence.

Pain was addressed with various traditional modalities in Prophetic medicine. Contemporary systematic reviews show cupping and some complementary techniques may offer short-term pain relief in specific conditions.

Religious practices (cleanliness, avoidance of harm) were invoked during COVID-19 and public-health messaging. Scholars discuss how Islamic teachings support infection control measures (masking, distancing, vaccine uptake).

Qur'anic emphasis on wholesome foods can be framed with modern dietary guidance: diets rich in plant foods, fiber and healthy fats reduce chronic disease risk.

Some traditional remedies (e.g., Nigella sativa) show neuropharmacological signals in preclinical and small clinical studies; robust large RCTs remain limited.

Islamic texts highlight maternal sacrifice and care; contemporary research focuses on maternal nutrition, breastfeeding and perinatal health outcomes — areas where scriptural attention aligns with public health priorities.

Qur'anic ethical instruction about moderation and stewardship can be linked to planetary health and policies that impact community wellbeing and environmental determinants of health.

Ruqyah involves Quranic recitation and supplication as healing. Clinical-psychological studies link spiritual interventions to reductions in anxiety/depressive symptoms among believers, but emphasize integration with standard care.

Traditional diets and some fermented foods consumed in Islamic lands have prebiotic/fermentation benefits; modern research explores microbiome-mediated health effects of dietary patterns.

Islamic ethical frameworks on stewardship of the self support active lifestyle recommendations; evidence links regular activity with prevention of chronic diseases.

Traditional topical applications (oils, scents) are culturally relevant; modern safety and dermatologic studies evaluate benefits/irritation risks and medical applications (e.g., medical oils).

This Hadith recommends isolation during epidemics. Modern epidemiology confirms quarantine and movement restrictions effectively limit disease transmission, showing alignment between prophetic guidance and contemporary public health practices.

Zamzam water, sourced from the sacred well in Makkah, is described by the Prophet ﷺ as blessed and beneficial for the intention with which it is consumed. Scientific studies reveal that Zamzam water has an alkaline pH (~8), high mineral content (Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO₃), and total dissolved solids around 800 mg/L. Modern analyses confirm its microbiological safety and rich electrolyte balance, making it hydrating and nutritionally valuable. Animal and lab studies indicate antioxidant, tissue-protective, and metabolic benefits, aligning with its traditional reputation as a uniquely pure and health-supporting water.

A body of research on prayer/meditation indicates moderate benefits for stress reduction, coping, and mental health. Mechanisms include activation of relaxation response, social support, and meaning-making — all of which are consistent with Qur'anic/hadith encouragement of remembrance and reliance on Allah.

Studies (systematic reviews and trials) show listening to or reciting the Qur'an and structured dhikr interventions can reduce anxiety and improve mental well-being (e.g., in preoperative settings, cancer patients, and the elderly). Prayer and devotional practices more broadly are associated with stress buffering in several studies.

The Qur’an states that iron was 'sent down', which classical scholars interpreted as a divine blessing and provision. Modern astrophysics demonstrates that iron is not formed on Earth; it originates from high-energy stellar processes such as supernova explosions and neutron-star collisions, before being delivered to forming planets. This aligns with the concept that iron was 'sent down' to Earth. Trace iron in primordial cosmic dust, meteorites, and planetary accretion supports this phenomenon. Thus, modern cosmology and nuclear astrophysics affirm the Qur’anic description of iron’s extraordinary extraterrestrial origin and its vital role in human civilization.

The Qur’an commands believers to call upon Allah, promising response. Prophetic teachings state that supplication can shape destiny and repel hardship. While divine decree is metaphysical and beyond empirical measurement, modern psychology and neuroscience research show that sincere prayer and spiritual supplication significantly influence emotional resilience, coping ability, stress response, and decision-making clarity — all mechanisms through which life outcomes can change. These findings align with the belief that dua has real effects in altering the course of one’s life through spiritual and tangible pathways.

The Qur’an describes the vast seas and the hidden depths (‘two seas’, unseen layers). Modern oceanography finds that large portions of the ocean lie in perpetual darkness, beyond the sunlit photic zone, where unique life and ecosystems exist, light penetration is minimal, and bioluminescence replaces sunlight. Scientific studies on the dark ocean illustrate how the deep sea is a hidden realm with its own rules, aligning with the Quranic references to the unseen depths. This harmony invites reflection on creation’s layers and the scale of Earth’s water bodies.

The Qur’an encourages gratitude (‘if you are grateful I will increase you’) and seeking help through patience and prayer. The Sunnah emphasises patience as a supreme virtue. Behavior science confirms that gratitude interventions improve mental health (less anxiety, more positive mood), and patience correlates strongly with better psychological well-being and resilience. These findings align with the revealed guidance on dua, gratitude, and patience: spiritual practices that shape behavior, emotion, and life outcomes.